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The role of physical therapy in cancer treatment

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Cancer is a very important problem in both medical and social respects. In recent years, there has been a shift in approach to oncological prevention, diagnostics and treatment. As a result, oncology has become an interdisciplinary field. Factors relevant for successful oncological treatment are: sequence, type and scope of intervention, including diagnosis of the cancer, assessment of its progression, systemic treatment, surgery, radiotherapy, supportive therapy and rehabilitation. Rehabilitation addresses the realm of psychology (psychooncology), as well as somatic and social issues. Physical therapy is a notion inseparably related to medical rehabilitation and it encompasses a range of treatments which are based on the body’s reactivity to stimuli. The purpose of this article is to present the specific character, the methods and the role of physical therapy in oncology, as an increasingly popular strategy in medicine, which helps to improve performance and physical function in cancer patients. Physical therapy is essential in primary and secondary cancer prevention and it greatly contributes to improving the quality of life of patients and helps them recover quicker. Four basic kinds of intervention in oncological rehabilitation include: preventive interventions, restorative interventions, supportive interventions and palliative interventions. The main principle in rehabilitating a patient with an advanced cancer is progressing steadily but gradually. The primary and essential form of rehabilitation for cancer patients is movement exercise i.e. kinesiotherapy. Integration and cooperation during group exercise are also among the strategies that therapists seek to employ while working to improve the condition of patients diagnosed with cancer. Kinesiotherapy prevents pulmonary and thromboembolic complications in cancer patients. One method of physical therapy applied in cancer treatment is lymphatic drainage (massage), which improves circulation of lymph. To sum up, physical therapy plays an increasingly important role in holistic care of cancer patients. It is indispensable and should become a standard approach, as a method of reducing the risk of complications, helping in faster recovery and limiting the economic and social costs of treatment.
Conformational space of a novel cyclic enkephalin analogue, cyclo(Nε, Nε'-carbonyl-D-Lys2,Lys5) enkephalinamide, was exhaustively examined. A large number of conformations was selected and clustered into families on the basis of their structure and energy. For representative conformations ROESY spectra were generated and their linear combination was fitted to the spectra measured in water and Me2-SO-d6. This procedure yielded an ensemble of most populated conformations of the peptide in the two solvents.
Background. Chronic back pain is one of the most common causes of disability. It is a civilisation disease and up to 75% of women over the age of 55 suffer from it. The aim of this study was to assess the degree of disability and limitations in the daily functioning of women with lumbar spine pain depending on socio-demographic factors. Material and methods. The study included a group of 274 professionally active women aged between 50 and 64 who come from Biała Podlaska, Poland, and the surrounding areas and who completed the Oswestry Disability Index. The responses showed functional limitations of the respondents during performing specific activities due to back pain. The respondents were characterised with regard to their age, place of residence, education and material status. The results were analysed statistically. Results. The most numerous group included women with moderate disability – 41.6%. Lower back pain intensifies when sitting, standing, walking, lifting objects and applies mainly to women from the oldest age group, women having secondary and lower education, women from the city and those whose financial situation is below the average. Conclusions. A socio-demographic factor that differentiates the degree of the women’s disability in a significant way is their material status – the better the financial situation, the less severe the disability. Socio-demographic factors – such as age, education and material status – are strong determinants of functional limitations caused by back pain: women from the oldest age group (60-64 years old) had the biggest problem with walking; women with secondary or lower education experienced difficulty sitting and walking; women whose financial situation is below the average suffered much more difficulties while lifting objects, sitting and socialising.
Background. Adverse effects of numerous environmental factors, including improperly balanced diets, may accelerate the onset of ailments related to the climacteric period. Objective. The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between diets and the quality of life of working women aged 50-64 years. Material and methods.The study included 274 working women aged 55.4±4.0 years living in Biała Podlaska and the surrounding area. These were women working in various positions (teaching, administrative, economic department) at the State School of Higher Education in Biała Podlaska, Poland and patients of the Health and Rehabilitation Centre in Biała Podlaska. The study was conducted by means of a popular tool used to diagnose quality of life i.e. SF-36 questionnaire (Short Form Health Survey) and the Questionnaire of Eating Behaviour (QEB). Results. In all categories of quality of life (SF-36), apart from pain and general health, there were statistically significant differences between the results of the respondents and the norm for Polish women aged 50 to 60 years. Fruit, vegetables and wholemeal bread were the most frequently consumed products in the healthy diet group, while legumes, fish and curd cheese were the least frequently consumed by the respondents. Of the unhealthy products, the women most often chose sweets (at least once a week), cheese and fried food. Analysis of the effect of a healthy diet on the quality of life showed that a statistically significant correlations were observed in the case of mental health, functioning in society, emotionality, vitality, and well-being. Conclusions. A positive correlation with the application of a healthy diet was observed in all the categories of quality of life. This means that the respondents with healthy diets had a higher quality of life.
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