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The aim of the experiment was to analyze the particular processes (biomass synthesis, oxidation, denitrification and accumulation) during carbon removal from wastewater. The experiment was carried out in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) in two series with different organic carbon compounds to nitrogen compounds ratio (COD/N). Organic carbon loading of activated sludge was 0.07 g COD/g·d. Organic carbon removal efficiency was higher at COD/N ratio 13 (98%), at COD/N ratio 3 (85%). Depending on COD/N ratio in waste, the processes of biomass synthesis, denitrification and intracellular accumulation changed. At low COD/N ratio biomass synthesis decreased; however, there was an increase in carbon used for denitrification and accumulation. I was observed that under fully aerobic conditions the activated sludge was able to store reserved materials expressed as poly(-β-hydroxybutyrate) PHB. When the lack of carbon source in waste was observed, the activated sludge used endogenous carbon resources as poly(-β-hydroxybutyrate) as electrons donor. Depending on activated sludge nitrogen loading, different times of endogenous denitrification were observed. In the first series the denitrification with endogenous carbon source was from the 8th hour in the second series during only 2 initial hours of the experiment. Biomass cellular respiration was on the level of 16% in both series.
This experiment was conducted in an aerated single-stage reactor at activated sludge concentration of about 3000 mg· dm-3. The influence of hydraulic retention time on nitrogen removal from rural wastewater was investigated. Hydraulic retention times were 24 and 12 hours. Two series were performed at a constant C/N ratio of 3.5. Enhancement of carbon removal from 83.8% to 87.6% was observed. An increase of activated sludge loading from 0.11g COD · g-1 · d-1 to 0.25 g COD · g-1 · d-1 did not cause total inhibition of nitrifica-tion, but nitrification efficiency decreased from 78.8% to 55.5%. Higher nitrogen removal efficiency (52%) was achieved in series I at 24 hours reaction time in contrast to shorter one (42%). Despite the fully aerobic condition, denitrification was observed. The denitrification process was pos-sible due to the use of accessibility of high amount of readily bioassimilable organic compounds. Obtained denitrification efficiency at C/N ratio 3.5 was about 50% during both experimental periods..
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