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The influence on veal meat quality of replacing barley grain or dry maize (50% by weight) in feed mixtures for calves with ensiled high-moisture maize grain was investigated. Sixteen veal calves were assigned to 4 equal groups. No differences were found among the groups in the nutrient content of Musculus longissimus thoracis. The intramuscular fat of calves from groups fed ensiled maize grain was characterized by lower saturated fatty acids (SFA) and higher unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) contents compared with calves from groups receiving barley or dry maize grain (B, MD), but the differences were not significant (P=0.12). Calves fed with maize grain (dry or ensiled) had a lower monounsaturated (MUFA) to SFA ratio (0.68 vs 0.83 ± 0.01; P=0.03). Evaluation of the physicochemical properties of muscle meat showed that the analysed starch sources had no effect (P>0.05) on cooking loss and on pH measured 24 h and 7 days post-mortem. There were no differences between the groups in the other physicochemical characteristics of meat, i.e. tenderness and colour.
The experiment was carried out on 40 Polish Black-and-White HF bull calves (52-87% of HF blood) aged from 9 and 12 days at the beginning of the experiment to 90 days at its end. From the beginning of the trial the calves were offered restricted liquid feed to 56 days of age and concentrates ad libitum according to IZ-PIB-INRA recommendations. The concentrates were without sodium butyrate (control group, C), or with 1% Na-butyrate (group B1), 3% Na-butyrate (group B3) and 0.3% Na-butyrate (group B0.3), and included meadow hay from 0.10 kg/day during the liquid feeding period to 0.20 kg/day after weaning at 57 days of age. Na-butyrate at 3% in the diet reduced feed intake and had a beneficial effect on calf growth and nutrient utilization. The dietary level of Na-butyrate did not cause significant changes in serum β-hydroxybutyric acid concentration of the calves.
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