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A dynamic development of African ostrich breeding (Struthio camelus) has been observed in the recent years all over the world and since 1993 in Poland as well. In natural conditions the birds inhabit semidesert and grassy regions of African savannah. However, they can adapt easily to different European climatic conditions. Despite the high popularity of ostrich breeding in Poland, breeders and veterinarians face various problems connected with the birds’ acclimatization to new environmental and feeding conditions. The ostriches’ state of health is affected not only by numerous etiologie factors such as viruses, bacteria or fungi, but also breeding and feeding conditions. The most threatening viral infections in ostrich are: Newcastle disease, Avian influenza, Avian pox and adenovirus infections. Bacterial infections are also an important issue in intensive ostrich breeding. The most alarming thing is a high level of ostriches’ infection with Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp. instantly after hatching. In older birds the etiologie agents of diseases are often Mycoplasma sp., Campylobacter sp., Megabacteria, Chlamydia psittaci or Clostridium.
Circovirus infections are commonly found in birds and mammals. Today, two genuses: Gyrovirus and Circovirus occur within the Circoviridae family. In poultry pathology, especially on large commercial farms of hens and chickens, special attention is focused on Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus-CIAV of the Gyrovirus genus. The genus of Circovirus includes Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease Virus (PBFDV), pigeon circovirus, referred to as Columbid circovirus (CoCV), or Pigeon cicovirus (PiCV), goose circovirus (GoCV), canary circovirus (CaCV) and others described as circovirus-like diseases, isolated from other species of birds. The paper presents characteristics of circoviruses and the immunosuppressive effects on host cells as well as the diagnosis of infections in birds.
Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is the most common viral disease of captive and wild psittacine birds. The aim of the study was to investigate the presence of psittacine beak and feather disease virus (PBFDV) inside the population of captive psittacine birds in Poland. DNA was isolated from the feathers of 225 birds from 33 different species. The presence of PBFDV was analyzed by performing polymerase chain reaction assays. PBFDV was found in 47 (20.9%) birds. The previous high incidence of PBFDV infection in Poland was due to the lack of diagnostics means and insufficient control of imported birds
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