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1

Morfologia neuronow i topografia zakretu przyhipokampowego u szynszyli

100%
Szalak R.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2008
|
tom 64
|
nr 10
1240-1243
The aim of the research was to learn the structure and topography of gyrus parahippocampalis in the chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger). The examination was carried out on 5 brains of sexually mature chinchillas. The examination material was fixed, dehydrated and embedded in paraffin. Frontal slices were stained according to Klüver and Barrer`s method. Gyrus parahippocampalis, which was the object of the examination, is a cortical structure which joins the hippocampus formation with neocortex. It is a rear part of gyrus fornicatus, which stretches from splenium of corpus callosum to the abdomino-medial angle of the brain hemisphere. It is made up of the following cortical structures: area entorhinalis, parasubiculum and presubiculum. The above-mentioned parts of gyrus parahippocampalis cortex are made up of four layers: marginal layer, external cellular layer, medial cellular layer, and internal cellular layer.
2

Wewnątrzkomórkowa ekspresja wybranych białek wiążących wapń w neuronach hipokampa u szynszyli

63%
Szalak R., Jaworska-Adamu J.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2011
|
tom 67
|
nr 10
The main aim of the study was to investigate the intracellular localization of the following calcium-binding proteins: parvalbumin, calbindin and calretinin. 15 sexually mature chinchilla males (about 1.5 years old) were used in the examination. The hippocampus was collected from each immediately after the slaughter, fixed and properly prepared for immunohistochemical examinations. Peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) reaction was carried out using specific antibodies against parvalbumin and calbindin D28k, as well as calretinin. Our own examination results have shown cytoplasmic as well as nuclear reactions in the examined regions of the hippocampal areas (CA1-CA4) and dentate gyrus. Only in the CA2 area was no nuclear reaction observed for the examined proteins, as well as in the CA1 area for calretinin. Intracellular localization of calcium-binding proteins proves that regulatory functions of parvalbumin, calbindin and calretinin lead to neuronal plasticity, i.e. to a change of their activity. Therefore, calcium-binding proteins may be indirectly involved in the regulation of metabolic processes affecting basic vital functions of neurons.
3

Parvalbumin and calbindin D28k in the dorsal raphe nucleus of the chinchilla

63%
Jaworska-Adamu J., Szalak R.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2009
|
tom 53
|
nr 4
The aim of this study was to track the immunoreactivity of parvalbumin and calbindin D28k buffering proteins in neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus DRN of the adult male chinchilla. The reaction of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) using specific antibodies against these proteins was performed. In most neurons, with the exception of small oval and medium-sized, stellate neurons, weak immunostaining of parvalbumin was observed. On the contrary, very intense immunostaining for calbindin D28k was shown in almost all neurons of the examined area. The results indicate a slightly different distribution in the nucleus dorsal raphe in the adult male chinchilla than in the rat. This shows that mainly calbindin D28k is included in the regulation of intracellular calcium ion concentration in the nucleus dorsal raphe of chinchilla.
4

Calretinin in dorsal raphe nucleus of the chinchilla

63%
Jaworska-Adamu J., Szalak R.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2010
|
tom 54
|
nr 2
247-249
The localisation of carletinin in the midbrains of 10 sexually mature chinchilla males was examined by carrying out the peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical reaction using specific monoclonal antibody against calretinin. Intensive immunostaining for the protein was observed in the majority of fusiform, pyramidal, and stellate neurons of dorsal raphe nucleus. A similar calretinin distribution in neurons of this region to those observed in primates and rodents was demonstrated.
5

Morfologia neuronow i topografia tworu hipokampa u szynszyli

51%
Szalak R., Eustachiewicz R., Lonc G., Luszczewska-Sierakowska I.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2006
|
tom 62
|
nr 04
444-447
The aim the study was to discover the structure and topography of formatio hippocampi in chinchillas (Chinchilla brevicaudata). Investigations were carried out on the brains of 5 chinchillas. The material was preserved in buffered 10% formalin, and then dehydrated in ethyl alcohol of rising concentrations, embedded in paraffin blocks and cut transversally into 12 micrometer-thick sections. The sections were then stained according to Klüver and Barreras method. The formatio hippocampi, classified as a part of the rhinencephalon, are located in the medial part of the cerebral hemisphere, and indents in an arch into the light of the lateral ventricle. In the case of chinchillas the fomatio hippocampus consists of the hippocampus and dentate areas and the following cortical nervous structure: subiculum and four areas from CA1 to CA4. Formatio hippocampi as a cortical structure has a laminar build. The following layers may be distinguished in the subiculum: the marginal layer and cellular layer I and II. The structure of CA1, CA2, CA3, CA4 areas contains the following layers: stratum oriens, stratum pyramidal, stratum radiatum, and stratum molecular. The dentate area is a part of the formatio hippocampi formed by the gyrus dentatus and hilus fasciae dentate. Gyrus dentatus as a cortical structure has a laminar build. It is made up of two layers: molecular stratum and granular stratum.
6
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Immunocytochemical detection of calretinin in the claustrum and endopiriform nucleus of the chinchilla

51%
Szalak R., Matysek M., Mozel S., Arciszewsk M. B.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
|
2015
|
tom 18
|
nr 4
Calretinin (CR) as a buffer and sensor protein plays an important role in regulatory processes of Ca²⁺ and anty-apoptotic cellular protection. In the present study, immunohistochemical peroxidase- antiperoxidase (PAP) method was used in order to determine the numbers, morphology, morphometry and distribution pattern of CR in neurons of the chinchilla’s claustrum (Cl) and endopiriform nucleus (EN). In Cl and EN the presence of several classes of neurons with different immunoreactivity to CR was found. In Cl, CR-immunoreactive (IR) neurons were predominantly found in close vicinity to insular border while CR-IR neurons were evenly scattered throughout EN. In general, immunoreaction to CR was observed in neuronal cytoplasm, nucleus and in fibres-like nerve extensions. Statistical analysis showed the differences between average large diameter as well as cross-sectional area of CR-IR neurons present in Cl and EN. It is suggested, that CR acting as a calcium binding protein may play a role in neuronal network. Further co-localization studies are necessary to fully elucidate neurophysiology and neuropathology of the chinchilla’s Cl and EN neurons.
7

Localisation of parvalbumin and calbindin D28k in the periaqueductal gray matter [PAG] of the chinchilla

51%
Jaworska-Adamu J., Szalak R., Szewerniak R.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2009
|
tom 53
|
nr 2
309-312
The purpose of this study was to trace the immunoreactivity of the two calcium binding proteins, parvalbumin and calbindin D28k, in the periaqueductal gray matter of the chinchilla midbrain. The immunoreactivity of these proteins in this species has never been investigated. The localisation of the activity was examined by carrying out the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) reaction using specific antibodies against parvalbumin and calbindin D28k. Slightly different parvalbumin immunoreactivity was shown. In most neurons, with the exception of large neurons in the dorsal and dorso-lateral periaqueductal gray matter, a weak immunostaining for parvalbumin was observed. Extremely intense immunostaining for calbindin D28k occurred in all neurons in the examined area. The results obtained suggest a slightly different distribution of parvalbumin in the neurons of the periaqueductal gray matter of the midbrain of the chinchilla than in other animal species. This indicates that mainly calbindin D28k is involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium ion concentration in the periaqueductal gray matter of the chinchilla.
8

Immunoreactivity of S100β protein in the hippocampus of chinchilla

51%
Krawczyk A., Rycerz K., Szalak R., Jaworska-Adamu J.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2014
|
tom 58
|
nr 1
The aim of the study was to investigate S100ß protein in astrocytes of CA1 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus proper and the dentate gyrus with the hilus yet undefined in mature males of chinchilla, llie presence of S100ß was determined using indirect immunohistochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase method with specific monoclonal antibody against this protein. Most of the S100ß-positive cells were detected in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus and in the middle part of the hilus. In CA3 area, it was found that the most numerous cells with S100ß are in stratum radiatum. In CA1 area, there were single astrocytes expressing this protein. This data demonstrates species differences and a large quantity of S100ß immunoreactive cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of chinchilla, which may be associated with structural reorganisation of the hippocampus and with neurogenesis, learning, and memorising process dependent on the hippocampus.
9

Immunoreaktywnosc kalretyniny w istocie szarej srodkowej srodmozgowia u szynszyli

51%
Jaworska-Adamu J., Szalak R., Matysek M., Szewerniak R.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2009
|
tom 65
|
nr 06
419-421
The purpose of this study was to trace the immunoreactivity of the calcium binding protein calretinin in the periaqueductal gray matter of the midbrain of chinchillas. For this study the midbrains of five sexually mature male chinchillas were used. The immunoreactivity of this protein in this species has never been investigated up till now. The localization of its activity was examined by carrying out peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) reaction using a mouse specific monoclonal antibody against calretinin. An intensive immunostaining for calretitin was observed in all the neurons in the dorsal and dorso-lateral periaqueductal gray matter. The results of the studies obtained suggest a similarity in the distribution of calretitin as seen in the neurons of periaqueductal gray matter of rats. This indicates that calretinin is involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium ion concentration. In this manner it can influence the proper functions of the neurons of the periaqueductal gray matter of the midbrain of the chinchilla.
10

Structure and topography of the Chinchilla lanigera's claustrum

51%
Matysek M., Szalak R., Jaworska-Adamu J.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2011
|
tom 67
|
nr 12
Structure and topography of claustrum have been earlier described in Primates and in other mammals. Similar examinations have not been carried out on brains of Chinchilla lanigera so far. The aim of this paper was to study structure and topography of claustrum, analyse its shape, compare it with a shape of other animals especially rodents. Neurons forming this structure were analysed, morphometric analyses of a number of nervous cells in pars dorsalis and pars ventralis were made. Histological slides were stained with cresyl violet according to Klüver and Barrera’s method. Chinchilla’s claustrum resembles a shape of a sand glass, made up of pars dorsalis and pars ventralis. In pars dorsalis numerous oval and round, large and medium size neurons arranged in clusters were observed. Pars ventralis was characterized by less numerous round, small and medium cells scattered irregularly. The carried out morphometric analyses correlate with quantity analyses. Structure and topography of Chinchilla lanigera’s claustrum is similar to this nucleus’ form especially in rabbit.
11

Budowa i topografia zakretu przyhipokampowego [Gyrus parahippocampalis] u piesaka [Alopex lagopus]

51%
Eustachiewicz R., Luszczewska-Sierakowska I., Szalak R.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Medicina Veterinaria
|
2004
|
tom 03
|
nr 1
19-28
12

Immunocytochemical analysis of calretinin in the frontal cortex of chinchilla

51%
Krawczyk A., Szalak R., Jaworska-Adamu J.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2012
|
tom 56
|
nr 1
The aim of the study was to define morphology and distribution of calretinin (CR) positive neurons in the frontal cortex of adult chinchilla males and intracellular localisation of the protein in this area. The brains of 5 adult chinchilla males were used in the study. CR immunoreactive neurons were shown with peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical reaction using a specific monoclonal antibody. Intensive CR immunoreactivity was demonstrated mainly in few polymorphic neurons of II, III, and V layers. Cy toplasmic and nuclear reaction product in most CR positive neurons was diffuse and in some neurons of layer V in the form of granules localised peripherally. In a few cells more intensive staining was observed in the nuclei than in the cytoplasm. The results indicate the presence of heteromorphic CR positive neurons in specific lay ers of the frontal cortex. Nuclear localisation of CR in neurons suggests passive transport of this protein, which may affect the nuclear genes. This protein is a neuroprotector maintaining appropriate level of calcium, modulating neuronal activity, and synaptic conduction in the frontal cortex of chinchilla.
13

Immunohistochemical analysis of parvalbumin in the frontal cortex of Chinchilla lanigera

51%
Jaworska-Adamu J., Szalak R., Krawczyk A., Rycerz K.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2013
|
tom 69
|
nr 02
Parvalbumin (PV), intracellular slow buffer regulates concentration of calcium ions protecting neurons from its excitotoxicity. This protein was described in inhibitory neurons of neocortex in many species of mammals, but its functions are not fully understood. In view of the absence of research on PV in the frontal cortex layers of chinchillas, we decided to trace the distribution of PV-immunoreactive neurons, demonstrate their intracellular locaition and describe their morphology. The aim of the study was also to compare the immunoreactivity of this protein in chinchllas and other species of mammals. Samples of the frontal cortex from 5 sexually mature chinchilla lanigera males was taken for the examination and after appropriate fixation, peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical reaction was carried out with a monoclonal antibody against parvalbumin. In molecular layer (I) no nerve cells with PV expression of the examined protein were found but intensive PV immunoreactivity was observed in scattered neurons of the following layers: external granular (II), external pyramidal (III), internal granular (IV), internal pyramidal (V) and heteromorphic cells (VI). Within layer II and IV few, small, stellate, oval and fusiform cells were detected with intensive immunoreactivity in cell bodies and initial processes. Layers III and IV showed neurons of various sizes and shapes. Only layer V was characterized by the presence of the examined protein expression in pyramidal cells. Whereas, layer VI contained slightly more heteromorphic neurons with intensive PV immunoreactivity. In all examined layers of chinchilla's frontal cortex protein localized nuclearly and cytoplasmicly in cells. The obtained results of our own research concerning PV expression in different layers of frontal cortex show similarities and slight differences between species. Nerve cells containing PV should be considered as a specific subpopulation of GABAergic interneurons, which modulate the excitability of other neurons affecting the stability of neuronal nets in frontal cortex of chinchilla langera.
14

Immunoreactivity of the calbindin D28k in the parahippocampal gyrus of chinchilla

45%
Szalak R., Jaworska-Adamu J., Rycerz K., Kulik P., Arciszewski M. B.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2013
|
tom 57
|
nr 3
Ten adult male chinchillas were used. The localisation of calbindin D28k (CB) was examined with the use of two types of reactions: immunocytochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase and immunofluorescence staining with a specific monoclonal antibody against CB. Immunocytochemical examination demonstrated the presence of CB-positive neurons in the following layers of all parts the parahippocampal gyrus (PG): marginal, external cellular, middle cellular, and internal cellular, i.e. in entorhinal area, parasubiculum, and presubiculum. Immunofluorescence staining revealed the presence of CB in both Hu C/D- immunoreactive (IR) neurons and nervous fibers of the PG. CB-IR neuronal cell bodies were moderately numerous (ca. 10% of Hu C/D-IR neurons) and clearly distinguished from the background. Each layer of the brain area consisted of two types of neurons: pyramidal and multiform. Among the second type of neurons, four kinds of morphologically different neuronal subclasses were observed: multipolar, bipolar, round, and Cajal-Retzius cells. It is concluded that the expression of CB in the PG of the chinchilla is species specific and limited to several subclasses of neurons.
15

Age-related changes in S100beta protein immunoreactivity in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) in rats

45%
Rycerz K., Krawczyk A., Jaworska-Adamu J., Krawczyk-Marc I., Szalak R.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2015
|
tom 71
|
nr 03
The aim of this study was to investigate and compare S100β protein immunoreactivity in astrocytes of the periaqueductal gray in young and aged rats and to evaluate the morphology of these cells. Furthermore, the amount, astrocyte surface areas, and digital immunostaining intensity of the protein were morphometrically analysed. The research was conducted on 100-day-old and 3-year-old male rats. Midbrain sections, containing PAG, were obtained from the animals. To detect S100β protein in astrocytes, the peroxydase-antiperoxydase immunohistochemical reaction with the S100β antibody was performed. Diaminobenzidine was used as a chromogen. For this method, specificity control was carried out. S100β-immunopositive astrocytes from the dorsal, dorsolateral, and ventrolateral parts of PAG were observed and photographed with a light microscope equipped with a digital camera. Morphometric analyses were performed. In 3-year-old rats, astrocytes in all parts of PAG were characterised by similar S100β immunoreaction intensity as those in 100-day-old animals. Astrocyte nuclei were round or oval-shaped, and showed very weak, moderate or intensive immunostaining. Astrocytes in all parts of PAG were irregularly spread. Morphometric analyses confirmed the results of microscopic examination. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of glial cells between the three parts of PAG. The surface areas of astrocytes in all parts did not differ significantly. Digital immunostaining intensity analysis revealed slight differences in the dorsal and ventrolateral parts of PAG between the two age groups of rats. Our results and the available literature data indicate that S100β protein expression in young and aged animals may differ in various brain areas and depends on many factors.
16
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Insulin receptors in the CA1 field of hippocampus and selected blood parameters in diabetic rats fed with bilberry fruit

45%
Matysek M., Borowiec K., Szwajgier D., Szalak R., Arciszewski M. B.
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
|
2021
|
tom 28
|
nr 3
17
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Colocalization pattern of cocaineand amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide and parvalbumin immunoreactivity in the hippocampus proper of the chinchilla

39%
Szalak R., Matysek M., Kukula-Koch W., Rycerz K., Zacharko-Siembida A., Arciszewski M. B.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
|
2020
|
tom 23
|
nr 1
18

Expression of cocaine- and amphetamine-egulated transcript in the pancreas of the European bison

39%
Mozel S., Matysek M., Zacharko-Siembida A., Szalak R., Krzysiak M., Arciszewski M. B.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2019
|
tom 75
|
nr 11
Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is a recently discovered neuropeptide thought to mainly act in most laboratory mammals and humans as anorexigenic factor. The expression of CART in wild living animals is barely known. In the present study immunohistochemical stainings were applied to identify CART-immunoreactive (IR) structures in the pancreas of European bison. Antibodies against neuronal marker Hu C/D were used to visualize intrapancreatic neurons. The expression of CART was detected in approx. 75% of Hu C/D-IR intrapancreatic neurons which may thus also act as interneurons. Additionally, in most intrapancreatic ganglia single CART-IR non-varicose nerve fibers running between neurons were found. Pancreatic blood vessels as well as intralobular ducts were sparsely innervated with CART-IR nerve fibers. Moderately numerous CART-IR nerve terminals were found to innervate the pancreatic endocrine and exocrine tissue. None of islet endocrine cells showed the expression of CART. No presence of CART-IR neuronal elements were found in external connective tissue capsule and septa penetrating inside to the organ. Our study is the first to outline the presence of some differences in CART-ergic innervation pattern of the pancreas between domestic and wild mammals. The lack of CART-IR endocrine islet cells in the pancreas of European bison is an interesting finding, nevertheless its significance is largely unknown at the moment and needs to be further investigated.
19

Influence of oral administration of HMB to pregnant dams on calbindin expression in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus during postnatal development in spiny mice offspring

39%
Rycerz K., Krawczyk A., Jaworska-Adamu J., Szalak R., Tomaszewska E., Dobrowolski P.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2017
|
tom 73
|
nr 06
The aim of the study was to investigate the morphology, density and immunostaining intensity of calbindin (CB)-positive neurons of dentate gyrus (DG) in new-born (P0) and 21-day-old (P21) male Acomys cahirinus mice from dams receiving β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) during pregnancy. Different substances administrated to pregnant dams may affect the calcium ion homeostasis which is crucial for the proper brain development of their offspring. DG with hilus (H) plays an important role in memory and learning processes. Calcium levels in DG are regulated by buffering proteins like calbindin D28k (CB). Experimental dams were orally treated with HMB at a dose of 0.2 g/kg b.w. Half of new-born animals were euthanised after birth and the rest after the 21st day of life. The brains were dissected and embedded in paraffin blocks using a routine histological technique. In order to demonstrate CB protein expression an immunohistochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase reaction was conducted. The results of the study did not reveal important morphological alterations. There were no statistically significant changes in the density of the studied cells either in P0 and P21 animals. However, the authors have demonstrated a statistically significant increase of the average CB-immunostaining intensity in nuclei and cytoplasm in both age groups. It may be a result of a compensation effect to alterations that occurred under the influence of HMB. On the basis of the conducted research, it may be assumed that HMB activity in DG may provide long-term consequences.
20
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Distribution and immunohistochemical characteristics of cocaine- and amphetamineregulated transcript-positive nerve elements in the pelvic ganglia of the female pig

39%
Zacharko-Siembida A., Matysek M., Szalak R., Radlinska A., Obszanska K., Arciszewski M. B.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
|
2017
|
tom 20
|
nr 1
Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptides are widely expressed not only in the brain but also in numerous endocrine/neuroendocrine cells as well as in neurons of the peripheral nervous system. The present study investigated the distribution patterns of CART-like immunoreactivity in the pelvic plexus (PP) of the female pig. The co-expression of CART with principal neurotransmitter markers: choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), serotonin (5-HT) or biologically active neuropeptides: pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), substance P (SP), calbindin was analyzed using double immunohistochemical stainings. Amongst neurons immunopositive to Hu C/D panneuronal marker as many as 4.1 ± 1.2% in right and 4.4 ± 1.6% in left pelvic ganglia were found to express CART. The vast majority of CART-IR ganglionic neurons were predominantly small in size and were evenly scattered throughout particular ganglia. Immunoreactivity to CART was also detected in numerous nerve terminals (which frequently formed pericellular formations around CART-negative perikarya) as well as in numerous nerve fibres within nerve branches interconnecting the unilateral pelvic ganglia. Immunohistochemistry revealed that virtually all CART-IR neurons were cholinergic in nature and CART-IR basket-like formations frequently encircled TH-positive/CART-negative perikarya. None of CART-IR ganglionic neurons showed immunoreactivity to SP, PACAP, 5-HT or calbindin. CART-IR nerve fibres ran in a close vicinity to serotonin-containing cells or faintly labelled SP-expressing neurons. On the other hand, PACAP-IR, SP-IR (but not 5-HT-positive) nerve terminals were found to run in close proximity to CART-IR neurons. Our results indicate that: 1) CART present in PP may influence the activity of pelvic ganglionic neurons/SIF cells, 2) PP should be considered as a potential source of CART-like supply to pelvic viscera and 3) functional interactions between CART and SP or PACAP are possible at the periphery.
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