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In the years 1998–2001 samples of leaves, fruitlets and fruits of ‘Šampion’ were taken from trees on six rootstocks (M.9 EMLA, M.9 T337, M.9 T339, P 22, Nr 47 and P 14). They were analysed for potassium and calcium content. For evaluation of storage ability, 24 kg fruits of uniform size were taken from each replication. After 5 months in common cold storage the incidence of diseases and disorders were determined. Leaf Ca concentration was the highest from trees on M.9 T337 rootstock. Fruitlets and fruits from trees on P 14 generally had a high K concentration. On the other hand, fruits from trees on M.9 T337 and P 22 generally had a low K concentration. Rootstocks affected storability of apples and this was related to the effect of rootstocks on fruit K:Ca ratio. Bitter pit was determined in 66% by K and in 5% by Ca concentration in the fruits. The K:Ca ratio in fruit was the factor determining bitter pit in 83 percent. The results suggest that the K:Ca ratio, irrespective of the organ analysed, may be used for further improvement of bitter pit prediction.
The effects of 19 rootstocks on growth, cropping and mean fruit mass of the 'Rubin' apple trees in fertile soil were investigated in the years 2001-2006. Six years after planting, the trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) was the largest on P 62, M.9 EMLA and Arm 18, and the smallest on PJ 629 (No. 629), J-TE-G, PB-4, P 59 and No. 280. The highest cumulative yields per tree were obtained on the most vigor­ous rootstocks as well as on B 491, P 16, P 63 and P 65. Trees on the latter four root- stocks gave the highest yields per hectare. Trees on P 66 could also be very produc­tive if they were planted at the right density, adequate to their tree size. Trees on P 59, No. 280, P 22, PB-4 and J-TE-G showed a high yield efficiency (expressed as a ratio of cumulative yield to the final TCSA); however, due to the small tree size their yield per area unit was lower. Mean fruit mass for the 5 -year period was not significantly influenced by the rootstocks. The exception was PJ 629 which produced the smallest fruits.
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