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Antioxidative capacity of phenolic compounds extracted from Lolium perenne and Lolium arundinaceum infected with Neotyphodium (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae)

100%

Qawasmeh A., Raman A., Wheatley W., Nicol H.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

2012

tom 34

nr 2

Members of Neotyphodium endophytic fungi infecting Lolium perenne L. and Lolium arundinaceum Darb. alter the synthesis of several metabolites. In this study we determined the antioxidative capacity of phenolic compounds from L. perenne and L. arundinaceum infected with Neotyphodium lolii (Latch, Christensen et Samuels) and Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones et Gams) Glenn, Bacon et Hanlin, respectively. The antioxidant capacity was determined by measuring the scavenging capacity of aqueous methanolic extracts to the free-radical DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). L. perenne infected with ‘wild-type’ strain endophyte showed the highest scavenging capacity, whereas endophyte-free showed the least. Those infected with the ‘novel’ strains AR1 and AR37 showed intermediate capacities. L. arundinaceum infected with the ‘novel’ strain AR542 showed a lower scavenging capacity compared with endophyte-free counterparts, regardless of the L. arundinaceum germplasm. The endophyte-free Mediterranean and Continental L. arundinaceum showed a higher capacity to scavenge DPPH when compared with the endophyte-infected Mediterranean and Continental L. arundinaceum. These results suggest that the endophytic fungi alter the antioxidative capacity of the grasses.

Measurement of biological diversity of arthropods and respiration in soils managed under time-controlled and set-stocked grazing practices in central-west New South Wales, Australia

76%

Moulin M., Lopez J., Raman A., Hodgkins D., Adams A., Mannix S.

Polish Journal of Soil Science

2012

tom 45

nr 1

In this study we compare the effects of two contrasting grazing regimes (time-controlled grazing (TCG) vs set-stocked grazing (SSG)) on selected parameters of soil biological health. The purpose of the study was to evaluate these soil parameters as potential indicators of soil health and thence sustainable soil management. Two parameters, viz., arthropod biological diversity and soil respiration were chosen as reliable indicators of soil health. Samples of pasture cover, arthropod populations, and soil from varied depths were obtained in spring (September-November 2010) and autumn (March-May 2011). Results from the autumn showed a strong effect of time-controlled grazing with increased arthropod abundance and enhanced soil biological respiration while in spring the differences were not significant. It was concluded that a change to short-duration rotational grazing can be beneficial to soil biological health in the longer term and that the measurement of arthropods present in the litter and topsoil can be a simple yet effective indicator of the impact of grazing regime on soil health.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

1 Polish Journal of Soil Science

2 Raman A.

1 Adams A.

1 Hodgkins D.

1 Lopez J.

1 Mannix S.

1 Moulin M.

1 Nicol H.

1 Qawasmeh A.

1 Wheatley W.

2 2012

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Antioxidative capacity of phenolic compounds extracted from Lolium perenne and Lolium arundinaceum infected with Neotyphodium (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae)

Measurement of biological diversity of arthropods and respiration in soils managed under time-controlled and set-stocked grazing practices in central-west New South Wales, Australia