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1

The taxonomic status of Chaerephon pumilus from the western Seychelles: resurrection of the name C. pusillus for an endemic species

100%
Goodmann S. M., Ratrimomanarivo F. H.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2007
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tom 09
|
nr 2
We investigate the taxonomic status of a molossid bat from the western Seychelles that has been previously considered distinct and then subsequently synonomized with the widespread Chaerephon pumilus. We compare specimens available from the Seychelles (Aldabra and Amirantes), including the holotype and paratype of C. pusillus, to specimens assigned to C. pumilus from Kenya, the Comoros Archipelago (Mayotte, Mohéli, Anjouan, and Grande Comore), and from lowland areas of the northern half of Madagascar. Based on these comparisons, the animals from the Aldabra and Amirantes are distinctly smaller than these other regional island and mainland populations and we conclude that the name C. pusillus should be resurrected for this endemic Seychelles species.
2

A description of a new species of Pipistrellus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Madagascar with a review of related Vespertilioninae from the island

81%
Bates P. J. J., Ratrimomanarivo F. H., Harrison D. L., Goodman S. M.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2006
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tom 08
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nr 2
Six species of small vespertilionid bat were recently collected in Madagascar. Neoromicia matroka (included by some in Eptesicus) and N. malagasyensis were already recorded from the island. Pipistrellus hesperidus was known but under a different name, P. kuhlii. Neoromicia melckorum is a new species record for the island. Hypsugo anchietae represents a new species and genus record. The last taxon is a previously undescribed species of Pipistrellus, which shows affinities to three South-east and East Asian pipistrelle taxa. In this paper, the new species is described and further information on the taxonomy, distribution, ecology, and behaviour of all six taxa are provided.
3

A new species of Scotophilus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from western Madagascar

81%
Goodman S. M., Ratrimomanarivo F. H., Randrianandrianina F. H.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2006
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tom 08
|
nr 1
We describe a new species of Scotophilus (Vespertilionidae) from western Madagascar. This bat differs from the other members of this genus known from the island, Africa, and Asia based on its notably diminutive size, pelage coloration, and tragus shape and length. Scotophilus sp. nov. is known from seven different specimens taken at three different sites in the central western portion of the island, in zones with anthropogenic savanna dominated by palms (Bismarckia nobilis) and dry deciduous forest. The holotype was collected in the palm leaf roof of a thatched dwelling, which is the first evidence of the synanthropic occurrence of a member of this genus on Madagascar. Four species of Scotophilus are now known to occur on Madagascar of which three are endemic.
4

The effect of tourist visits on the behavior of rousettus madagascariensis (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) in the caves of Ankarana, Northern Madagascar

81%
Cardiff S. G., Ratrimomanarivo F. H., Goodman S. M.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2012
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tom 14
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nr 2
Disturbance by tourists of bats in their day roosts represents a potential threat to the conservation of these mammals. We assessed the effect of experimental tourist visits on behavior of the Malagasy endemic Rousettus madagascariensis (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) in the Ankarana National Park, northern Madagascar. We measured bat behavior, including time activity budgets, under two levels of experimental human visit proximity (far and near) and illumination (low and high). These visits caused an increase in bat flights and an increase in alertness in a frequently-visited colony with faint ambient daylight. The greatest response occurred for human approaches to 5–6 m that directly illuminated the bats and the least response occurred for approaches to 12–14 m that did not directly illuminate the bats. In an infrequently-visited colony with no ambient daylight, visits that remained 12–14 m away and did not illuminate the bats directly caused an increase in alert behavior and a decrease in bat grooming behavior. The difference in response between the colonies suggests that R. madagascariensis may demonstrate an attenuated response to some frequent human visits. Alternatively, colonies roosting with some ambient light may be less sensitive to disturbance from visits, and colonies with previous experience primarily with hunting visits may be more responsive to disturbance. Maintaining a minimum visit distance of 12 m and not illuminating the bats directly, as well as not opening other roost sites to tourism, is likely to help to limit disturbance of R. madagascariensis by tourists at Ankarana.
5

Wing loading correlates negatively with genetic structuring of eight Afro-Malagasy bat species (Molossidae)

71%
Taylor P. J., Goodman S. M., Schoeman M. C., Ratrimomanarivo F. H., Lamb J. M.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2012
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tom 14
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nr 1
We tested the effects of aspect ratio, wing loading and body size (forearm length) on four estimators of molecular diversity (based on mitochondrial D-loop and cytochrome-b DNA sequences) among eight Afro-Malagasy species of free-tailed (Family Molossidae) bats. As expected based on many previous animal studies conducted at broader taxonomic scales, FST was significantly negatively correlated with wing loading (a good proxy for dispersal ability), even after correcting for phylogeny. However, haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity and k (the mean number of nucleotide differences between sequences) were not significantly correlated with body size, aspect ratio or wing loading. According to the metabolic rate hypothesis, we expected a significant negative correlation between k and body size. No such significant correlation was obtained, which is attributed to species differences in population size and the timing of past bottlenecks inferred from population demographic data.
6

Geographic and phylogeographic variation in Chaerephon leucogaster (Chiroptera: Molossidae) of Magdagascar and the western Indian Ocean islands of Mayotte and Pemba

61%
Ratrimomanarivo F. H., Goodman S. M., Stanley W. T., Naidoo T., Taylor P. J., Lamb J.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2009
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tom 11
|
nr 1
We examine patterns of morphological and genetic variation in Chaerephon leucogaster (family Molossidae) on Madagascar, Mayotte in the Comoros Archipelago, and the offshore Tanzanian island of Pemba. Five external, 10 cranial, and eight dental measurements of animals from different Malagasy populations (grouped according to bioclimatic regions) show differences in the degree of sexual dimorphism and size variation. Further, the population on Mayotte is largely identical in size to those from western Madagascar, and animals from Pemba are notably larger than those from Madagascar and Mayotte. Cytochrome b genetic distances across samples from these islands were low (maximum 0.0035) and animals from Pemba and Mayotte shared cytochrome b haplotypes with Malagasy bats. D-loop data showed some concordance between haplotype distribution, geographical position (latitude and island), and the bioclimatic zones. Animals from Pemba and Mayotte formed a unique D-loop haplotype, which was a minimum of six mutational steps different from Malagasy haplotypes. Within Madagascar, certain haplotypes were exclusive to the north (13°S latitude band) and arid southwest (22° and 23°S latitudes) regions. In general, there was no clear concordance between variation in haplotype distribution, latitude, altitude or gender. Where concordance occurred, the genetic distances involved were not sufficiently high to warrant the definition of new taxonomic units. Hence, based on current genetic information, patterns of morphological variation of the Madagascar populations and differences between Pemba and Mayotte/Madagascar are best explained as inter-population variation and may be adaptive, associated with different climatic regimes and associated ecological variables.
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