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Charakterystyka pedu glownego dojrzalej olszy czarnej [Alnus glutinosa [L.]Gaertn.]

100%

Dmyterko E.

Sylwan

|

2003

|

tom 147

|

nr 08

11-18

2

Metodyka okreslania stopnia uszkodzenia drzewostanow sosnowych przez imisje przemyslowe

100%

Dmyterko E.

Prace Instytutu Badawczego Leśnictwa. Seria A

|

1994

|

nr 778-782

127-155

3

Stopień uszkodzenia drzewostanów bukowych Ziemi Kłodzkiej

100%

Dmyterko E.

Sylwan

|

2017

|

tom 161

|

nr 05

The study presents the assessment of damage to beech stands using four methods, including that taking into account the radial increment. The condition of stands in 2016, and the growth response of trees to the environmental changes since 1956 are described. The measurements and observations were carried out on 18 sample plots (tab. 1) located in south−western Poland. The mean defoliation accounts for 32.5% ranging from 16.9 to 56.9%, while the average defoliation class value is 1.62 ranging from 0.75 to 2.38. The proportion of trees was found to be the highest (approx. 60%) in class of moderate damage (fig. 1a). The mean value of vitality is 1.17 (ranging from 0.75 to 2.38). The proportion of trees in vitality classes differs significantly from that in defoliation classes. The highest number of trees (approx. 80%) was found to be within damage class of weakened trees (fig. 1b). The assessment of damage to trees based on synthetic damage index (defoliation and vitality combined using formula [1]) is similar to the assessment method based on tree vitality. The mean value is 1.07, ranging from 0.63 to 1.70. The largest proportion of trees (over 80%) was found to be within class 1 (fig. 1c). The index SynZ combines defoliation and vitality, as well as the growth response of trees over the last 15 years according to formula [2]. Its values range from 0.82 to 1.79 with 1.21 on average. The largest proportion of trees (over 70%) was found to be within damage class 1 (fig. 1d). The response of trees to environmental changes is an important indicator of the growth conditions. The proportion of trees with negative growth responses increases from period to period, while the proportion of trees with neutral and positive responses decreases (fig. 2). The analysed beech stands show fairly large differences in the level of the damage. The most likely cause of this situation are droughts occurring in recent growing seasons, especially in 2012. Of the methods deployed to assess damage to beech trees, the morphological−growth one is the most accurate, but the most laborious. Therefore, it is preferable to use a synthetic damage index as both tree defoliation and vitality can also be assessed outside the growing season.

4

Strefy uszkodzenia lasu a planowanie hodowlane

100%

Dmyterko E.

Prace Instytutu Badawczego Leśnictwa. Seria B

|

1993

|

tom 15

141-151

5

Metody okreslania uszkodzenia olszy czarnej [Alnus glutinosa [L.]Gaertn.] ze szczegolnym uwzglednieniem ich weryfikacji przyrostowej

100%

Dmyterko E.

Prace Instytutu Badawczego Leśnictwa. Seria A

|

2003

|

nr 3[956-959]

87-89

6

Kryteria okreslania uszkodzenia jodly [Abies alba Mill.]

100%

Dmyterko E.

Sylwan

|

2008

|

tom 152

|

nr 04

3-12

7

Rola pedow syleptycznych w ksztaltowaniu ugalezienia korony olszy czarnej [Alnus glutinosa [L.]Gaertn.]

100%

Dmyterko E.

Sylwan

|

2003

|

tom 147

|

nr 06

60-68

8

Kryteria oceny uszkodzenia drzewostanów bukowych

100%

Dmyterko E.

Sylwan

|

1999

|

tom 143

|

nr 09

31-45

9

Ksztaltowanie z wiekiem dlugosci korony olszy czarnej [Alnus glutinosa [L.]Gaertn.]

100%

Dmyterko E.

Sylwan

|

2003

|

tom 147

|

nr 11

47-53

10

Reakcja przyrostowa jodły (Abies alba Mill.) na zmiany środowiska w powiązaniu z koroną wtórną

100%

Dmyterko E.

Sylwan

|

2014

|

tom 158

|

nr 02

The study concerns the secondary sunny crown of silver fir trees, its length and density as well as the relationship between the length of primary and secondary crown between the radial increment and secondary crown characteristics. It also discusses the importance of secondary crown in the life and population growth of silver fir.

11

Metody określania uszkodzenia drzewostanów dębowych

100%

Dmyterko E.

Sylwan

|

1998

|

tom 142

|

nr 10

29-38

12

Olsza czarna jako drzewo roku 2003

88%

Dmyterko E.

Prace Instytutu Badawczego Leśnictwa. Seria A

|

2003

|

nr 3[956-959]

115-116

13

Nowy wariant modelu ryzyka uszkodzenia drzewostanu przez wiatr

63%

Dmyterko E., Bruchwald A.

Sylwan

|

2014

|

tom 158

|

nr 08

The paper presents a new variant of the wind damage risk model for forest stands in view of its application in the forests under private ownership. It was based on the following characteristics: average height, age and slenderness of the main tree species, stand density index, species composition, forest habitat type, as well as stand location in the region of the country and the volume of windbreaks, windfalls and deadwood in previous years. The latter characteristic in the new model variant is generated by the stand damage model. The new wind damage risk model variant determines the risk factor for individual stands ranging from 0 to 3. A higher value of the factor indicates a higher wind damage risk for the stand. The verification of the model was performed using the forest data from two counties (powiat) situated in the Podkarpackie Province. The wind damage risk factors obtained from the model are shown on numerical maps.

14

Stopień uszkodzenia drzewostanów jodłowych Gór Świętokrzyskich

63%

Dmyterko E., Bruchwald A.

Sylwan

|

2016

|

tom 160

|

nr 04

The study assesses the damage to silver fir from the canopy layer in the stands of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains (central Poland) using three methods. The suitability of these methods was also analysed by calculating the correlation between increment of the diameter at breast height (DBH) and the level of damage. In total we investigated 240 trees. The first analysed method involves tree defoliation. The mean defoliation of sample accounts for 47.8%, while majority of the trees were found to be within 2nd damage class (fig. 1). Absolute and relative DBH increment does not correlate with tree defoliation strongly (tab.). The next method is based on the assessment of the average tree damage index W that takes into account defoliation, top condition and vitality. In general, analysed trees were found to have reduced height growth and both branching in the top (fig. 2) and central (fig. 3) section of the crown. Inclusion of the secondary crown in the assessment of tree damage resulted in an increase in the vitality of the whole crown (fig. 3). The assessment of damage based on index W showed that largest proportion of trees was within moderate damage and the value of the damage index was lower than in method based exclusively on defoliation. The last method (morphological−incremental) combines the method based on damage index W with DBH increment (index Wz, formula 3). In the period 1971−1985, most of the fir trees reacted negatively to the environment changes (growth reduction), while the proportion of trees with positive responses decreased. In the period 1976−2000, the proportion of trees with negative response decreased, while the proportion of firs with positive and neutral responses increased (fig. 5). The period 2001−2015 faced the dominance of trees showing neutral growth responses, the proportion of trees with positive responses was fairly high, while the proportion of trees with negative responses was the smallest. The highest value of the correlation coefficient (r=–0.661) was found for the correlation between the relative 10−years DBH growth and damage index Wz2(tab.). Of the three discussed damage assessment methods, this method is therefore considered the most accurate.

15

Zagrożenie lasu przez wiatr na przykładzie nadleśnictw Puszczy Białowieskiej

63%

Bruchwald A., Dmyterko E.

Sylwan

|

2012

|

tom 156

|

nr 10

16

Zmiany zachodzące w lasach Ziemi Kłodzkiej w latach 2001-2017

63%

Dmyterko E., Bruchwald A.

Sylwan

|

2019

|

tom 163

|

nr 08

The aim of the study was to assess the changes occurring in the forests of the Kłodzko Region in the recent period (2001−2017), with particular emphasis on the species composition of the stands, their share in age classes and the structure of harvested timber, including live trees, deadwood, wind−broken and wind−fallen trees. The Kłodzko Region located in the Sudety Mountains (SW Poland) covers the forests of four forest districts: Lądek−Zdrój, Międzylesie, Bystrzyca Kłodzka and Zdroje. The declining share of spruce stands (from 83.5% in 2001 to 75.5% in 2017) and the increasing share of beech and larch as well as sycamore stands indicate that these forests are systematically rebuilt. The average age of the stands is very high (81 years). The share of young (<20 years old ) stands is low (only 5%), while those older than 100 years constitute about 35%. The 21st century saw a serious damage to the investigated forests caused by frequent strong winds and long−lasting droughts in the growing seasons. The three hurricanes that took place in the analysed period were the cause of the removal of 1.1 million m³ of timber in the form of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees. The drought in the growing season in 2015 resulted in the salvage harvest of deadwood with a total volume of 1.6 million m³, which corresponds to the volume of four annual allowable cuts determined for the undisturbed growth conditions of trees in the area under research. Using the wind damage risk model, the threat measure Ms reaching a value of above 40 was calculated for the forests of the Kłodzko Region, which are currently among the most threatened in Poland. This threat results mainly from the high share of spruce stands in older age classes with high average height and gaps after previous hurricanes as well as from a large area of stands located at high elevations.

17

Reakcja przyrostowa dębu w powiązaniu ze stopniem uszkodzenia korony

63%

Bruchwald A., Dmyterko E.

Sylwan

|

1999

|

tom 143

|

nr 02

47-58

18

Metoda okreslania ryzyka uszkodzenia drzewostanu przez wiatr

63%

Bruchwald A., Dmyterko E.

Leśne Prace Badawcze

|

2010

|

tom 71

|

nr 2

165-173

19

Model rozwoju ugalezienia w koronie dojrzalej brzozy brodawkowatej [Betula pendula Roth.]

63%

Dmyterko E., Bruchwald A.

Sylwan

|

2008

|

tom 152

|

nr 07

29-38

20

Kryteria oceny uszkodzenia wazniejszych gatunkow drzew lisciastych

63%

Dmyterko E., Bruchwald A.

Leśne Prace Badawcze

|

2006

|

nr 3

115-124

Ograniczanie wyników

Charakterystyka pedu glownego dojrzalej olszy czarnej [Alnus glutinosa [L.]Gaertn.]

Metodyka okreslania stopnia uszkodzenia drzewostanow sosnowych przez imisje przemyslowe

Stopień uszkodzenia drzewostanów bukowych Ziemi Kłodzkiej

Strefy uszkodzenia lasu a planowanie hodowlane

Metody okreslania uszkodzenia olszy czarnej [Alnus glutinosa [L.]Gaertn.] ze szczegolnym uwzglednieniem ich weryfikacji przyrostowej

Kryteria okreslania uszkodzenia jodly [Abies alba Mill.]

Rola pedow syleptycznych w ksztaltowaniu ugalezienia korony olszy czarnej [Alnus glutinosa [L.]Gaertn.]

Kryteria oceny uszkodzenia drzewostanów bukowych

Ksztaltowanie z wiekiem dlugosci korony olszy czarnej [Alnus glutinosa [L.]Gaertn.]

Reakcja przyrostowa jodły (Abies alba Mill.) na zmiany środowiska w powiązaniu z koroną wtórną

Metody określania uszkodzenia drzewostanów dębowych

Olsza czarna jako drzewo roku 2003

Nowy wariant modelu ryzyka uszkodzenia drzewostanu przez wiatr

Stopień uszkodzenia drzewostanów jodłowych Gór Świętokrzyskich

Zagrożenie lasu przez wiatr na przykładzie nadleśnictw Puszczy Białowieskiej

Zmiany zachodzące w lasach Ziemi Kłodzkiej w latach 2001-2017

Reakcja przyrostowa dębu w powiązaniu ze stopniem uszkodzenia korony

Metoda okreslania ryzyka uszkodzenia drzewostanu przez wiatr

Model rozwoju ugalezienia w koronie dojrzalej brzozy brodawkowatej [Betula pendula Roth.]

Kryteria oceny uszkodzenia wazniejszych gatunkow drzew lisciastych