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Studies were undertaken to evaluate by parasitological techniques the course of intestinal and muscular invasions in mice infected with Trichinella spiralis and treated with TFX-Thymomodulin (TFX-Th). Studies were conducted on 120 mice of BALB/c and SWISS strains, infected each with a mean invasive dose of 300 T. spiralis larvae. TFX-Th (Thymoorgan GmbH Pharmazie Co. KG, Vienenburg, Germany) was administered subcutaneously at 30 mg/kg body weight. Depending upon duration of TFX-Th administration and stages of intestinal and muscular invasions, three experiments were distinguished in the study. The results indicated that TFX-Th promoted eradication of larvae from muscles, whether administered at the early of the late stage of T. spiralis invasion.
The influence of Cyclosporin A (CyA) on the course of the muscular phase of trichinellosis in mice was investigated. The animals were infected with 200 Trichinella spiralis larvae and were treated with CyA between the 14th-18th day after infection. The drug was administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day. An increase in the number of eosinophils and В lymphocytes was observed relative to the control group. Our results indicate that CyA elicited the secretion of Th2 cell cytokines. At the same time more granulomas and a lower number of muscle larvae were observed in mice treated with CyA.
The effect of adriamycin on the behaviour of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells in the course of trichinellosis in mice has been studied. The animals infected with 200 larvae per mouse were administered intraperitoneally adriamycin (Adriblastin from Farmitalia) at 1st and 28th day post infection (dpi), in a dosis of 0.2 mg. The mice were killed weakly for 6 weeks and then at the 60th dpi. The examinations were made on histologic sections from the spleen, mesenteric lymph node, jejunum and masseter muscle using immunofluorescent and immunoenzymatic methods with monoclonal antibody. The mice receiving adriamycin exhibited more CD8⁺ cells in the intestinal mucosa and by the end of the experiment also in the muscles in comparison with the control animals, which, however, did not affect the course of the infection.
Mice infected with 200 Trichinella spiralis larvae were killed at 4-60 days post infection and the spleens, mesenteric lymph nodes, jejunum and masseter muscles were sectioned in a cryostat and fixed in acetone. Slides were examined with the aid of monoclonal antibodies by the immunofluorescent or immunoenzymatic method. Data concerning the exact localization and dynamics of stimulation of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells in the organs examined are presented.
The aim of the studies was the influence comparison of the three kinds of blood products: brown and black dried livexes and blood meal, added to sheep forage, on total protein level, energy value, volatile fatty acids (VFA) amount, levels of carbon dioxide and methane in caecal content of the animals. The samples of caecal content were taken from the sheep immediately after slaughtering, i.e. 2,5 hrs after morning feeding. The livex and blood meal were added to the forage in the amount of 2%. During in vivo application of these nonconventional dietary supplements, the significant inhibitory livex (black and brown) effect on methane level in the sum of caecal gases (45,5% increase for black and 33,4% for brown livex, respectively). Energy of caecal content was about 30% higher in sheep fed with black livex. Respective percentage was about 40% and about 20% for the brown livex and blood meal respectively.
In this study, we assessed the effect of a humic-fatty acid preparation (HFA) used in rabbit feed on certain haematological and biochemical serum parameters (the lipid profile and the Ca, P and Fe contents). A higher RBC, HGB and HCT values were observed in the groups that were given HFA. An increase in Fe concentrations were also noted. The total and LDL cholesterol were lower in the groups which received HFA than in the control group.
The aim of the in vitro study was to determine the effect of corn dried distillers grains with solubles (corn DDGS), used as a replacement for the concentrate ingredients of sheep diet, on rumen fermentation. The material for the study was the ruminal fluid of Polish Merino sheep which was incubated during 4-, 8- or 24-hour periods. Five groups of samples were prepared for in vitro fermentation: C – control, incubated with the substrate consisting of the concentrate ingredients; D1, D2 and D3, where DDGS was used as a substrate added in proportions of 10, 20 and 30% of dry matter of the concentrate; and D4, where 100% DDGS was used as a substrate. After fermentation, the gas and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) analyses were performed using gas chromatography. The ammonia concentration and pH were also determined, and the SCFA utilization index (NGR), the fermentation efficiency (FE) and the index of cell yield of ruminal microorganisms (CY) were calculated. This research showed no effect of DDGS on the methane emission. The positive correlations between the amount of methane and ammonia concentrations in the 8- and 24-hour fermentation periods were found. DDGS addition increased propionate proportion, but decreased production of acetate (p<0.01). Additionally, D1, D2, D3 and D4 substrates lowered isobutyrate (p<0.05) and isovalerate (p<0.01) production. Based on the results obtained, it can be stated that partial substitution of the concentrate ingredients with DDGS did not have deleterious effect on sheep rumen fermentation processes.
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