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Cytoprotection in the stomach, consisting in the mucus secretion, mucous circulation intensification and bicarbonate secretion to the gastric lumen, is highly dependent on the products of arachidonic acid pathway and peroxidative-antioxidative balance. The aim of the paper was to examine the effects of selected inhibitors of arachidonic acid pathway on the natural protective system of the gastric mucosa exposed to 50% ethanol. The results show that leukotrienes, thromboxane and oxygen reactive forms significantly impair the protective function of the gastric mucosa while prostaglandins and antioxidant enzymes act protectively.
In previous papers, we noticed that adriamycin given to female rats before their planned pregnancy has a delaying effect under the form of apoptosis for foetal hepatocytes. The purpose of present study was for a quantitative assessment of foetal renal tubular epithelial cells, as an effect means of delaying adriamycin action (apoptotic index). Expression of effector caspase 3 was also assessed. In the investigations, a standard three-step immunohistochemical method was used. The area covered by positive caspase 3 reaction was examined. In the kidneys of foetuses from the experimental group, we noticed an increase in the apoptotic index; furthermore, immunohistochemical reaction for caspase 3 covered a statistically significantly larger range as compared to the control group. The delayed effect of adriamycin, which was given to female rats before pregnancy, was an increase in apoptosis in foetal renal tubular epithelial cells.
Severe burn injury is associated with damage of tissues and organs distant to the area of injury. Although different agents are suggested to play an important role in pathogenesis of the burn disease, disturbed balance between the development of reactive oxygen forms and activity of antioxidants can play a pivotal role. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine the intensity of lipid peroxidation process in plasma and lung tissues as well as the antioxidant ability of rats subjected to severe burn injury during 48 hrs after the injury. Our results show that severe burn injury causes a significant increase in the level of lipid peroxides in plasma and lung tissues, with a concomitant increase in superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD) activity in erythrocytes during 48 hrs of the postburn period. Glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx) activity in whole blood was significantly higher during the first postburn day and then decreased becoming lower than that found in the healthy subjects. Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) and the level of uric acid in plasma also increased. Thus, we conclude that severe burn injury causes the imbalance between the intensity of the lipid peroxidation process and the antioxidant ability of the organism and this can play an important role in the pathophysiology of the burn disease.
The paper presents the results of morphological examinations of the human cotyledons perfused in vitro and exposed to variable magnetic field (MF) during the 180-minute experiment. The cotyledon biopsies were collected immediately after perfusion and morphologically examined using the electron microscope. The control group C (10 perfusions) was not exposed to MF. In the experimental group E, (10 perfusions), the cotyledons were exposed to the 2mT, 50Hz variable magnetic field while in the experimental group E2 (10 perfusions) the 5mT, 50 Hz was used. In the groups E, and E2, numerous indentations of the sheath (areola) in the syntrophoblast nuclei were found, condensed (thickened) nuclear chromatin right beneath the sheath was substantially reduced and pyknosis was observed in some nuclei. The villi revealed widened vascular - epithelial membrane resulting from the oedema of the endothelial cells. Moreover, an increased number of collagen fibres in the villi and decreased number of active mitochondria were observed in the group E2
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