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In 2007–2009 field experiments in maize were carried out by Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute – Sośnicowice Branch. The aim of conducted experiments was to compare the effectiveness of Milagro 040 SC + Callisto 100 SC (nicosulfuron + mesotrione), Mustang 306 SE + Callisto 100 SC, (2,4-D, florasulam + mesotrione), Mustang 306 SE + Milagro 040 SC (2,4-D, florasulam + nicosulfuron) used at recommended and lowered doses with adjuvant at split application with aforementioned tank mixtures applied without adjuvant at full dose application. Herbicides mixed with adjuvant were more effective against Polygonum convolvulus and Echinochloa crus-galli with efficacy ranging from 81% to 100% and from 60% to 97%, respectively.
The experiments were carried out in 2009–2010 near Krzeczowice, Żerdziny and Sławików localized in the south-eastern and southern part of Poland. Maize crop at Krzeczowice was cultivated in 3–4 year monoculture, whereas in case of other localities a crop rotation system was used. The following treatments were applied: thiacloprid (Calypso 480 SC); thiacloprid + deltamethrin (Proteus 110 OD); lambda-cyhalothrin (Karate Zeon 050 CS); dimethoate (Bi 58 Nowy 400 EC); acetamiprid (Mospilan 20 SP) and chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin (Nurelle D 550 EC). All kinds of active substances were effective in reduction of the number of Diabrotica virgifera adults. Insecticides containing thiacloprid + deltamethrin, dimethoate and chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin proved to be the most efficient and showed the longest period of activity. The efficacy of tested products in controlling D. virgifera adult specimens population was the highest up to 7 days after application. After that period pest’s renewed incursion was observed. In regions where D. virgifera beetles occurrence was high, especially in the monocultured maize crop, a single application was not efficient enough to reduce the pest number.
In 2007–2010, (at the Sośnicowice Branch of the Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute in Poznań, the research was) conducted on the efficacy of herbicide-and-fertilizer mixes applied in maize at the 4–6 leaf stage. Herbicides Maister 310 WG and Mustang 306 SE + Titus 25 WG with adjuvant Actirob 842 EC and Trend 90 EC were used jointly in a mix with multi-compound foliar fertilizers Plonvit Ku and Insol K. The mixes proved to be selective toward the tested maize cultivars and showed a high efficacy 92–99% against the dominant weed species Chenopodium album Linnaeus, Solanum nigrum Linnaeus and Echinochloa crus-galli (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvios. Moreover, the tested mix contributed to the increase in cob yield (by 33–38%), grain yield (by 34–36%) and thousand grain weight (by 5–8%). The protein content in maize grain also increased by 4%.
In 2007–2010, the efficacy trials on two-compound tank-mix applied herbicides: Milagro 040 SC, Callisto 100 SC, Mustang 306 SE and Refine 75 WG were carried out by the Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute, Sośnicowice Branch. The herbicide tank-mix were applied at recommended doses as a single treatment at T1date. The herbicides were also applied using split doses at T1 and T2 date applications, combined with adjuvant Atpolan Bio 80 EC.The weed species Solanum nigrum and Chenopodium album were controlled by the herbicidal mixes in the range 92–100%, regardless of the treatment date or joint application with the adjuvant Atpolan Bio 80 EC. Polygonum convolvulus, Polygonum aviculare and Echinochloa crus-galli were best controlled by treatments with the use of split doses of the products. The efficacy of the tested treatments against Agropyron repens depended mostly on the selection of the products used in the mix, and was less dependent on the date of application. The results of the study indicated that weeds like E. crus-galli, or P. convolvulus could be controlled more effectively by using split doses of tank-mix applied herbicides and jointly with adjuvants.
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