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The authors present a hypothesis about the relationship of the mode of life without sufficient movement activity and the regressive lesions of the ligaments and fascias. They suggest to call the state of the rupture of such ligaments more precisely: pathologic rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL). Histologic examinations of the pathologically ruptured CCL and the fascia lata, collected from four dogs with the above diagnosis, revealed hyaline degeneration, an imperceptible morphologic structure and focal necrosis, acidophileness and homogenization. In addition, there was found the presence of cellular infiltration composed of neutrophils, histiocytes, fibroblats and lymphoid cells. The age of the dogs ranged from 3 to 10 years and the lameness appeared without joint overextension or overloading. In dogs with pathologic rupture of the CCL an extracapsular stabilization of the joint or synthetic prosthesis of the ligament should be made.
A quantitative analysis of neoplasma occurring in dogs was performed on the basis of diagnostic pathomorphological examinations. Materials were submitted to the Department of Pathology of the Veterinary Faculty at Warsaw for histopathological examinations and included the biopsies performed during tumor surgeries (819 cases) and tumors found in autopsied dogs (157 cases). A total 976 cases of neoplastic lesions were analysed. The breed of analysed dogs, their age and sex were taken into account. Localization of neoplasms and their biological and histogenetical characteristics were analysed too. More cases of tumors were found in female than in male dogs and they occurred mostly in animals over 5 years of age. Over 50 per cent of neoplastic lesions were localized within the skin, subcutaneously or in the mammary gland. More often epithelial neoplasms were found and the majority of them were malignant.
The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and localization of different types of oral tumors in dogs and cats, in relation to sex, age and breed of animals. The study was performed on tissue specimens of oral tumors obtained during surgery from dogs and cats submitted to the Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Clinical Sciences at the Agricultural University of Warsaw from 1998 to 2005. During this period 122 canine oral tumors and 21 feline oral neoplasms were identified. In cats most of the tumors (76.2% of the cases) were malignant, the most common were carcinomas, rarely sarcomas and melanomas. The median age of affected cats was 9 years, most of the animals were female. In 3 cases oral tumors (two malignant) were noted in young main coon cats (average 10 months). Oral tumors in dogs were recorded in animals from 4-months to 16-years-of-age (average 9 years), more commonly in males. Malignant neoplasms were noted in 68% of the cases: melanomas, fibrosarcomas, and squamous cell carcinomas dominated. There were no marked breed predilections to the occurrence of different types of oral malignancies; however, melanomas were recognized as more common in breeds thought to be predisposed to the development of these lesions. Fibrosarcomas were more commonly observed in Dachshunds and Schnauzers than in most popular mixed breed dogs. Tumors were located on different sites of the oral cavity, especially on the gums, less commonly on the pharynegeal, tonsilar, buccal, and lingual mucosa. The least common were nonmalignant tumors: dental tumors, papillomas, and mesenchymal tumors.
The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of splenic diseases in dogs. 97 samples of spleen tissues and spleen tumors were obtained during laparotomy in veterinary clinics and send for histopathological evaluation. The medical records were reviewed for sex, breed and age of animals and type of steated splenomegaly (diffuse or nodular). The tissue samples for histopathology were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 5-6 µm, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin method or others if needed. Primary and metastatic tumors of the spleen were the most commonly determined pathology (57% splenic lesions), nonneoplastic ones were more seldom observed. The most common type of splenic tumors was haemangiosarcoma (40% of splenic neoplasms), then spindle cellular sarcomas (24%), lymphomas (16%), more seldom were haemangiomas and metastatic tumors. Hemangiosarcomas were observed most commonly in male German shepherd dogs, 10 years of age. The majority of nonneoplastic lesions determined diffuse or local circulatory disturbances and hematomas, hyperplastic changes were rarely observed. The association between type of splenomegaly and kind of splenic lesions was not determined, but the nodular splenomegaly was more frequently observed in cases of hematomas and neoplasms of endothelial origin.
The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and localization of different tumors in the urogenital system in dogs and cats in relation to sex, age and breed of animals. The study was performed on tumors or tissue specimens from tumors of the urinary and genital system obtained during surgery from dogs and cats submitted to the Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Clinical Sciences Agricultural University of Warsaw from 1998 to 2005. Most tumors of the urogenital system recognized in the present study derived from dogs (94.20%, 130 cases), and only a few cases were obtained from cats (5.79%). Occurrence and localization of urogenital system tumors in present review is similar to findings reported by other authors. Testicular tumors in males, ovarian lesions in females and urinary bladder tumors in both sexes were most commonly recognized. Older dogs were most often affected, animals with nonmalignant tumors were a bit younger than those with malignant lesions. Any obvious breed predilections were found, but terriers were at increased risk for development of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder and mixed breed and German shepherd for development of testicular neoplasms.
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