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Two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae, Koch) is one of important apple orchards pest. Some of the commonly used acaricides against motil stages of this pest are those from the METI group (mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors). The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of the phenomenon of resistance in apple orchards in Poland. The mites collected in orchards located in different regions of country were tested in laboratory with registered compounds belonging to the METI acaricides (Magus 200 SC, Ortus 05 SC, Sanmite 20 WP). Some of the tested populations were characterized by a high resistance, comparable with the resistance of individuals from laboratory breeding resistant strain Akita.
Codling moth (Cydia pomonella) is one of the most important pests occurring in apple orchards in all regions of apple tree cultivation. A number of pest generations mainly depends on climatic conditions. Increasing frequency of chemical treatments led to acquisition of pest resistance to a considerable number of recommended plant protection products. Thus, considering apple orchard protection against the codling moth a special emphasis should be paid to proper selection of plant protection product and a treatment date based on flight dynamics monitoring of the pest. In Poland, a pheromone trap of „Delta” type is commonly used for the codling moth catches. The aim of presented study was to assess usefulness of different type of traps for monitoring dynamics of codling moth flights. Four chimney traps of different color (white, yellow, green of Medchem firm), one green trap of „English” type and a trap of „Delta” type as a standard were used. The experiments were performed in 2009 in apple orchards of 5 different localities (nerby Gdańsk, Poznań, Grójec, Sandomierz and Nowy Sącz). In each locality 2 replications (5 different types of traps in 2 orchards) were done. The results of performed experiments realed the highest efficacy of the following traps: „Delta” trap and chimney green trap, white the last effective was a trap of „English” type.
Aphids are one of the most common pests of apple crop in Poland. in the orchards production proper use of insecticides from the group of pyrethroids and carbamates and organophosphates gives satisfactory results in the reduction of this pest. The use of insecticides, however, does not provide a lasting solution to the problem of pests. It is no secret that for decades use of this type of plant protection products may be selection of resistant aphids breeds or breeds with reduced sensitivity to some of these active substances. The results show, that a Mospilan 20 SP (acetamipryd) was effective up to 82%, so about 18% of individuals in the population survived the experience. Given the high reproductive capacity of green apple aphids can be quite disturbing results.
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