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Abstract: Currently, one of the challenging tasks for Chinese engineering community is to construct a water-way crossing of Qiongzhou Strait in the south of China. This project has also gained significant attention from researchers in academia. The study presented herein is centered on providing a feasible solution for ac-complishing the above mentioned task. Initially, different alternatives as the best location, judged on the basis of the environmental constraints, are studied. Then the comparison between various structural solutions such as suspension bridge, submarine tunnel and SFT is presented. Among these solutions, SFT appears to be a very suitable alternative for Qiongzhou Strait waterway crossing due to distinctive advantages, like shorter distance, lower cost, less impact on environment and navigation, etc. Based on the appropriate conception for cross sections, support systems, materials, joints and connection schemes, a numerical model is developed by means of the FEM software ANSYS/Fluent. It is then analyzed under the influence of different environmental loading conditions, varying the wave heights and lengths, current velocities and water depths, which are typical in Qiongzhou Strait. The numerical results reveal that the proposed SFT solution performs safely even under extreme weather conditions
Long-term changes (2003-14) of water temperature, DO, pH, TN, NH4-N, TP, and CODMn were examined at eight sampling stations along the Liujiang River. Water quality parameters showed considerable spatial and temporal variability. Annual averages of those parameters were 22.1ºC, 7.8 mg/L, 7.58, 1.35 mg/L, 0.27 mg/L, 0.06 mg/L, and 1.7 mg/L, respectively. An increasing trend for TN/TP and a decreasing trend for pH were observed in all parts of the Liujiang. Pollution levels were generally higher in the lower Liujiang than in the upper and middle parts of the river due to the impact of urban sewage. All indicators reached level III water quality standards except TN, which suggests that the control of nitrogen emissions should be strengthened. Relatively high N/P ratios in the Liujiang contribute to a potential for phosphorus limitation of phytoplankton. The average concentration of Chlorophyll-a was 1.2 μg/L in 2014. The TLI index indicated that the eutrophication state of the Liujiang was mesotrophic, while the downstream water was polluted due to its nutrient inputs from agriculture and urban sources. The water quality of the river keeps well by comparison to other major rivers of the world, which provided the basis for urban development and river protection in Liuzhou City.
Phoebe bournei commonly called nanmu is an important and endemic wood species in China, and its planting, nursing, and preserving are often affected by drought stress. Two-year-old P. bournei seedlings were subjected to water stress and recovery treatment to study their physiological and biochemical responses. Physiological and biochemical indices did not change when seedlings were subjected to mild water stress (˂15 days of water withholding). As drought stress intensified (>20 days of water withholding), malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage increased, and chlorophyll and soluble protein decreased, indicating an increased oxidative stress induced by water deficit. Enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX), accumulation of free proline and total soluble sugar contribute to plant protection against the oxidative stress. However, SOD and POX decreased when seedlings were subjected to an extended drought. After 5 days of recovery, physiological and biochemical indices were not restored to the control level values except for leaf relative water content when the seedlings were subjected to more than 20 days water stress. These results demonstrate that P. bournei could enhance their ability to mitigate water stress effects by up-regulating antioxidant system and osmotic adjustment, but these two protective mechanisms were limited when seedlings were subjected to moderate and severe water stress. The threshold of water deficit to P. bournei seedlings is 15–20 days, and permanent damage will be induced if water status is not improved before this threshold. The results will provide some theoretical and practical guidance for nanmu afforestation and production.
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