The aim of the study was a search for genetic markers associated with laying production in African Black ostriches (Struthio camelus) based on DNA fingerprinting (DFPs) method. Although analysis of the DFPs failed to distinguish bands specific for the highest or lowest parameters of laying performance, the present results did not allow for deduction about the potential lack of linkage between minisatellite DNA markers and QTLs of laying. A need for further research in this field is concluded.
The effect of dietary linseed and lucerne supplementation on the oxidative stability of ostrich meat expressed by changes in concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), and in activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), was studied. The feeding regimens were as follows: C - control group, L - 4% supplement of linseed, L-L45, L-L55, L-L65, and L-L75 - 4% supplement of linseed and supplement of lucerne added to the birds' diet at 45, 55, 65, and 75 kg b.w. The highest level of GSH was recorded in L-L65 group, whereas the highest activity of SOD was observed in C, L-L65 and L-L75 groups. Among all groups, the long-term linseed and lucerne supplementation reduced the antioxidant potential of ostrich meat, especially in L-L45 and L-L55 groups, which was reflected in the highest level of MDA and the lowest activity of SOD. Thus, the optimal results after linseed and lucerne supplementation with regard to ostrich meat oxidative stability were reported in groups L-L65 and L-L75, approximately three to four months prior to slaughter.
Six fragments were sequenced of the regulatory and coding regions of the expressed sequence ChEST985k21 (accession number CR523443), which had been shown to affect eggshell thickness.Six sites of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were found, five of them located in the regulatory region and one within the ORF. The binding sites of transcriptional factors for all obtained SNPs were revealed to be present in one allelic variant. Based on this fact they were considered as rSNPs.Genotyping of 46 Rhode Island Red birds with thick (390±13 μm) and 45 with thin eggshell (316 ± 21μm) was done. Significant difference in allelic frequency was shown of rSNPs ST2_1, ST3_1,ST3_2, ST3_3. Genotypic classes of rSNPs ST2_1, ST3_1, ST3_2, ST3_3 and ST6_1 were shown to have significantly different shell thickness. These data could probably provide a tool for markerassisted selection for optimization of egg shell thickness in Rhode Island layers.
Cytogenetic, hormonal, histological and semen quality examinations were performed in two unrelated male goats with developed udders (gynaecomastia). The bucks were neither stimulated for lactation nor milked. The progressive enlargement of the udder was observed between first and second breeding season (10-22 months). Karyotyping showed normal males. Plasma testosterone levels were within the range noted for normal bucks. Plasma concentrations of prolactin, growth hormone, FSH and LH were high, but comparable to normal bucks. Structure of the mammary glands was similar to that found in females. The quality parameters of semen of goats with gynaecomastia was comparable to that considered common for the species.
In nandu eggs (n = 9) the mean cholesterol content of yolk was 16.41 mg/g. In a sum of 21 fatty AIDS determined, the considerable share – 33.55% – of polyunsaturated acids was found, and especially of linolenic (C18:3) – 4.95% and arachidonic (C20:4) – 7.59%, both considered essential in human nutrition. It is concluded that nandu eggs are of considerable dietetic value.
The cholesterol content differed (P<0.05) between breast (49.5 mg/100 g) and back (74.3 mg/100 g) fat. Differences (P<0.05) in individual fatty acids were found especially for arachidonic acid (20:4).High contents of 18:2, 18:3 and 20:4 from both depots suggest, that ostrich fat could be a source of essential fatty acids in human and animal diets. The influence of various factors and especially feeding regimen on quantity and quality of ostrich fat should further be investigated.
Culled breeding ostriches weighing 130-160 kg yield about 25 kg fat tissue that could possibly be used for supplementing human and animal diet. Cholesterol content of breast fat – 80 mg/100 g tissue – from the breeding ostrich females (n = 6) culled and slaughtered at the age of five years appeared similar to that reported of beef and lamb adipose tissue. In a sum of 17 fatty acids (FA) determined, the mono- and polyunsaturated FA accounted for 37.51 and 38.84%, respectively. The ratio polyunsaturated/saturated FA in breast fat of culled breeding ostrich females appeared higher than reported for other avian species.It is concluded that fat from culled breeding ostriches can be used as an additive to human or animal diet, thus allowing the farmer to gain more from ostrich production. Further research is needed on composition and properties of adipose tissue of ostriches, including slaughter, as well as breeding birds culled at different ages.
The mean lipid and cholesterol contents of m. gastrocnemius were 3.87 g and 75 mg/100 g tissue, respectively. The overall profile of fatty acids of the muscle was found similar to ostrich meat. From dietetic and nutritive point of view fatty acids profile of nandu meat seems more desirable than those of the traditional avian species.
The aim of the study was to evaluate physical traits and fatty acids profile of ostrich meat enriched in n3 fatty acids as affected by refrigerated storage (for 14 days) and type of packaging (VAC vs. skin-packaging – SP). During refrigerated storage time drip loss after 7 days was significantly (P<0.001) higher in VAC as compared to SP samples. No significant differences in the SFA content in meat during storage in both types of packaging types recorded. Although there were no significant differences (P=0.067), a tendency for higher MUFA values was observed during storage in VAC packed meat. A significant decrease (P<0.05) in the content of PUFA after 7 and 14 days of storage was also observed in VAC packed meat as compared to fresh meat, whereas, when skin packaging was used, no differences in the PUFA concentration were found. Considering this, the SP can be recommended packaging for ostrich meat industry.
Cystatin B gene is a candidate gene for carcass and meat quality traits of pigs and belongs to the family 1 of cysteine proteinase inhibitors. The enzyme is a cathepsin inhibitor and the proteolytic cystatin/cathepsin system plays an important role in the growth and development of muscles.Investigations presented here covered 707 pigs from different genetic groups reared in Poland. The aim of this study was to characterise the polymorphism of the CSTB gene identified with restriction endonuclease: TaqI and PvuII, and to analyse the relation between the CSTB genotypes and carcass traits. All tested animals proved to be monomorphic at the CSTB/TaqI locus. All three possible genotypes were observed with regard to the second CSTB/PvuII locus. In Polish Large White and Polish Landrace pigs the highest frequency was reported for BB homozygotes. The association between CSTB and carcass traits was found only in Polish Landrace pigs for the meat content of carcass, meat content of valuable cuts and weight of the loin.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.