Investigations have been made in order to prevent infestation of Schneider's stratum with Mucor iacemosus mould. Sensibility of a pure three days old culture of Trichomonas foetus Ried towards mycostatine has been stated in a preliminary test. Doses of the preparation containing 10 to 2000 u/ml. had no negative influence upon the protozoa, a dose of 3000 u/ml. of the nutrient only slightly inhibited their growth after 24 hours, whereas doses of 5000 to 20000 u/ml. had a very strong hampering effect after 12 hours. Doses of 30000 u/ml. and upwards proved to be lethal and killed the protozoa after 12 hours. Above mycostatine has practically no bactericidal value. Mucor racemosus mold is rather sensitive to mycostatine. Doses of this preparation, amounting to 100 u/ml. impeded the growth of the mould in the control stuff and doses of 200 u/ml. prevented its growth. Mycostatine can presumably be applied as a factor hampering the growth of Mucor racemosus mould on Schneider's stratum in cultures of Trichomonas foetus Ried.
Автор исследовал 43 пробы рассолов из разных мясных фабрик и выделил из них 2 штамма золотистою стафилококка (Micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus) и 6 штаммов белого стафилококка (Micrococcus pyogenes var. albus).
Initial experiments have been performed in order to evaluate the ionized radiation of a quartz lamp (UV) as a disinfecting agent combating Toxoplasma gondii. The author has experimentally infestat ed groups of white mice through the intra peritoneal route with parasite emulsion in a physiologic solution of NaCL, in Tyrode's buffer liquid in Hanks's buffer liquid with addition of 10 per cent of bovine serum and in bovine serum subject of UV radiation a distance of 40 cm in a lapse of time from 0 to 60 minutes. The inoculum contained in 0,1 ml of emulsion 5X10 4 of toxoplasmae or about 25.000 D. L. M. The toxoplasmae suspended in a physiologic solution of NaCL, in Tyrode's buffer liquid and in Hanks's buffer liquid we re radiated during 25 minutes and injected through the intraperitoneal route to white mice; they did not cause any lethal issue during the whole observation period of 24 days. Neither was Toxoplasma found in several biologic passages. On the other hand Toxoplasma suspended in bovine serum even after 60 minutes of radiation introduces through the peritoneal route to white mice provoked an acute form of disease. The possibility of application of UV radiation as an disinfecting agent combating Toxoplasma gondii has been discussed.
The author performed investigations in order to evaluate the efficiency of mycostatine in the cultivation diagnosis of the Trichomonas foetus Ried on Schneider's medium. Preputial rinsing smears of 500 bulls originating from the a rea of Katowice Province were inoculated simultaneously on normal cultural media and on media containing a dose o 400 units/ml mykostatine. In 38 cascs (7.5 per cent) mold and in 12 cases (2.4 per cent) yeast fungi have been discovered in normal substrata, whereas media with addition of mykostatine showed mold only in 3 cases (0.6 per cent) and yeast fungi in one case (0.2 per cent). Positive results investigations aiming to discover Trichomonas foetus Ried. in the material examined proved to be fully convergent (100 per cent of conformity).
In the course of studies conducted on 10 strains of Trichomonas foetus Ried. it was proved that an addition or the 1 per cent alcohol solution of cholesterol in 0,025-0,3 ml. amounts to Schneider's medium enriched by 10 per cent of horse serum and without it do not substitute the serum and cannot take place of the growth factor for Trichomonas foetus.
The author gives a survay of world literature concerning the cultivation of Toxoplasma gondii in vitro in conditions in which tissues are cultivated. The application of the tissues cultivation technique gives the possibility to perform various experimental investigations which have a great theoretic and practic value like for instance investigations connected with biology, morphology, virulence, cytopathogenic effects, metabolism and diagnostics, production of antigens and influence of some factors upon Toxoplasma in vitro.
The interest in trichomoniasis of cattle in Poland dates from 1936, in which year one began to pay attention to Trichomonas foetus as the etiological factor in some cases of miscarriage. This interest increased and became more permanent beginning from 1947. The registrational and apizootiological investigations carried out in the provinces Bydgoszcz, Katowice, Cracow, Poznań, Rzeszów and Warsaw showed that the Trichomonas infection represents a serious problem in the pathology of the genital system being at the same time an important question in cattle breeding and economical calculations. In the years 1942-1943 one found in the Cracow province 8.6% of positive results out of 5267 mucus samples and miscarried foetuses examined. In the years 1953-1957 the rinsings from prepuces of 8172 bulls were examined in various regions of Poland and an average percentage of infections amounting to 9,6 was ascertained. The most systematical investigations on trichomoniasis of cattle has been carried out in the Katowice province. In the period 1954-1958 6171 bulls were examined. The average percentage of infections in the last few years amounted to about 5.2. In the years 1936-1958 47 papers (available to the author) were published in the Polish literature. They concerned recording of trihomoniasis, the biology of the parasite, the diagnostics, treatment, eradication and prophylaxis. The most permanent interest in the problem of trichomoniasis in Poland show three centres: the Bydgoszcz centre (Jaśkowski, Romaniuk and others), the Katowice-Cracow centre (Bielański, Szaflarski, Steffen and others) and the Warsaw centre (Hoppe, Markowski, Kowalczyk and others). The greatest scientific achievements in the trichomoniasis problem possesses the Bydgoszcz centre under the guidance of Jaśkowski. In this centre the greatest attention is paid to the registration of the infection, to the biology of the parasite, to the treatment, epizootiology, eradicatlion and prophylaxis of the disease. The activity of the Katowice-Cracow centre is mainly concentrated on registrartion of the infection in bulls and on diagnostics, the Warsaw centre on treatment of the bulls and registratiron.
Studies were conducted on virulence and survival of toxoplasms of the strain RH stored in vitro at temp. 4°C. taking into consideration the following suspending media: physiological solution Of NaCl, bovine serum and buffered Hanks' fluid with addition of 10 per cent bovine serum. The titre LD50 was determined according to Reed and Muench for parasites suspended in the separate fluids. Subsequent determinations were made at 1, 3, 5, 10, 12 and 14 days intervals. For every dilution were used 6 mice, observation period was 14 days. Vitality and virulence of toxoplasms stored in physiological solution NaCl were found still after 12 days. The titre LD50 dropped during that period from 10-6,24 to 10-0,58. Parasites stored in this medium for 14 days did not infect any of the mice. It was found that bovine serum exerts an advatageous influence on the survival of Toxoplasma gondii in vitro. Comparing the virulence of toxoplasms stored in physiological solution NaCl and bovine serum using for the determination of statystical significance of differences of variation of Olechnowitz and Pizzi - diffevences for the majority of cases were found statystically significant.