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Differences in the accumulation and redistribution of dry matter and Nmin content in the cultivation of two different maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars for grain

100%

Szulc P.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2012

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tom 21

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nr 4

A field experiment was carried out in the Department of Agronomy of Poznań University of Life Sciences on the fields of the Research and Education Unit in Swadzim in 2009-10. Two different genotypes of maize cultivated for grain that exhibited different aging rates were compared: ES Palazzo and ES Paroli "stay-green"-type cultivar. The dynamics of dry matter accumulation were assessed 10 times every 14 days. We found that together with the progress of vegetation, the "stay-green" hybrid accumulated a significantly greater amount of dry matter in comparison with the traditional cultivar. During the generative development, the differences in production of dry matter of a single plant between the examined cultivar types were even significantly greater. The absolute growth rate (AGR) of dry matter of a single plant, leaf blades, and grain was higher for the "stay-green" hybrid when compared to the other examined cultivar. In order to assess the amount of soil mineral nitrogen remaining after plant harvesting in the autumn, the Nmin method was used in the present research. The soil mineral nitrogen content (N-NH₄+N-NO₃) after harvesting of ES Palazzo cultivar was significantly higher in comparison with the ES Paroli "stay-green" cultivar. A higher content of both mineral nitrogen forms after plant harvesting was observed in the 0-30 cm soil layer than in the 31-60 cm soil layer, irrespective of the type of maize hybrid. The content of nitrate nitrogen N-NO₃ in the total amount of Nmin in the 0-30 cm soil layer amounted to 79.6%, while at a depth of 31-60 cm it amounted to 81.2%. The examined cultivars affected the content of potassium and magnesium in soil after harvesting. However, no significant influence of maize hybrid type on the content of phosphorus and soil pH was found. A significantly lower amount of magnesium and potassium in soil after harvesting the "stay-green" cultivar when compared to the traditional cultivar proves that the main source of accumulation of these macroelements in the stage of generative growth are soil resources. This results from demand for these elements in the stage of maximum increase in biomass of generative yield. Such behavior of "stay-green"-type plants should imply a fertilization system with slow-acting fertilizers. Lack of magnesium and potassium in soil in the period of maturation of "stay-green"-type maize may be a classical example of the law of the minimum.

2

Kukurydza lubi nawozy

100%

Szulc P.

Nowoczesna Uprawa

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2012

|

nr 03

3

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Effect of nitrogen fertilization and methods of magnesium application on chlorophyll content, accumulation of mineral components, and morphology of two maize hybrid types in the initial growth period Part III. Morphological features of plants

100%

Szulc P.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura

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2009

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tom 08

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nr 2

Field experiment was carried out in the Didactic and Experimental Department in Swadzim (52°26’ N; 16°45’ E) near Pozna in years 2004-2007. The experiment was carried out in „split-plot” design with 3 factors in 4 field replications. Reactions of two maize hybrid types to differentiated nitrogen and magnesium fertilization and to the method of magnesium dose application were studied. The effect of the investigated factors was estimated on the basis of the changes in the morphological features of plants and ears and on the quantitative status of plants. The hybrid LG 2244 stay-green type has shown a better qualitative status of plants than the Anjou 258 hybrid. LG 2244 hybrid produced lower plants; its production ears were set lower. It developed a smaller assimilation surface area of a single plant and of the ear leaf. Its ear diameter was smaller and the ears were longer in comparison with the hybrid Anjou 258. A significant effect of the size of the nitrogen dose was found to be exerted on the changes in the values of morphological features in plants and ears. The size of magnesium dose and the broadcasting method modified the height at which production ears were set on the plant, independently of the hybrid type and the size of nitrogen fertilization.

4

Effect of nitrogen fertilization and methods of magnesium application on chlorophyll content, accumulation of mineral components and morphology of two maize hybrid types in the initial growth period Part II. Uptake of mineral components

100%

Szulc P.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura

|

2009

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tom 08

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nr 2

Field experiment was carried out in the Didactic and Experimental Department in Swadzim (52°26’ N; 16°45’ E) near Pozna in years 2004-2007. The experiment was established in a „split-plot” design with 3 factors and 4 field replications. Reactions of two maize hybrid types to differentiated nitrogen and magnesium fertilization and to the method of magnesium application were studied. The effect of these factors on the uptake of mineral components by maize plants in the phase of 5-6 leaves (BBCH 15-16) was estimated. The hybrid LG 2244 stay-green type uptook more nitrogen, calcium, and sodium than the Anjou 258 hybrid. The highest uptake of nitrogen was obtained for the dose of 90 kg N·ha⁻¹, while the highest uptake of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and sodium was shown for the dose of 120 kg N·ha⁻¹. The application of magnesium increased the percentage of the uptaken share of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and sodium from the applied nitrogen fertilizer.

5

Improvement of the effectiveness of maize (Zea mays L.) fertilization with nitrogen by the application of magnesium. Part III. Quality of ears designed for silage CCM

100%

Szulc P.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura

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2009

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tom 08

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nr 3

A field experiment was established at the Experimental and Didactic Station in Swadzim near Poznań over 2004-2007 (52°26’ N; 16°45’ E). The experiment was carried out in a ‘split-plot’ design with 3 research factors in 4 field replications. 2 types of maize hybrids, 6 doses of nitrogen and magnesium doses (including methods of their applications) were examined. The effect of these research factors on the proportion of nutrients and raw material energy value of two types of maize hybrids grown for ear silage were assessed. The hybrid of stay-green type contained less crude fibre but more crude fat in dry matter of ears as compared with the traditional hybrid. The largest amounts of net energy concentration, net energy yield, digestible protein yield and total protein yield were obtained by applying a nitrogen dose of 120 kg N·ha⁻¹. Fertilizing maize with N + Mg (in rows and by broadcasting), an increase in total protein yield was obtained in relation to the treatments with N fertilization only.

6

Organic and mineral fertilization of maize affecting prevalence of fusarium diseases (Fusarium spp.) and European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.)

100%

Szulc P.

Progress in Plant Protection

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2013

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tom 53

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nr 3

The aim of the study was to assess the consequent influence of one-time used full dose of manure after 10 years of maize cultivation in monoculture and diverse mineral fertilization NPK on health of maize plants. No significant influence of application of a full dose of manure on 10-year maize cultivation in monoculture on plant infestation with fungi of the genus Fusarium spp. and damages caused by Ostrinia nubilalis was found in subsequent years of the cultivation. Application of PK before sowing and N in the 5–6 leaf stage (BBCH 15–16) decreased plant health in comparison with objects where NPK was used before maize sowing. Plant infestation with fungi of the genus Fusarium spp. and damages caused by O. nubilalis increased in the subsequent years of maize cultivation in monoculture. A high positive coefficient of correlation between prevalence of European corn borer and maize plant infestation with fusarium diseases was demonstrated.

7

Szkodliwosc omacnicy prosowianki na plantacji kukurydzy

100%

Szulc P.

Kukurydza

|

2001

|

nr 1

20-22

8

Slome kukurydziana wprowadzic do gleby

100%

Szulc P.

Nowoczesna Uprawa

|

2007

|

nr 10

44-45

9

Dobrze nawiez, to duzo zbierzesz

100%

Szulc P.

Nowoczesna Uprawa

|

2009

|

nr 04

60-63

10

Secondary weed infestation of maize cultivated in monoculture after single ploughing and manure fertilization after many-year no-tillage cultivation and direct seeding

100%

Szulc P.

Progress in Plant Protection

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2015

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tom 55

|

nr 3

11

Starter fertilization of maize as a method to improve the efficiency of nutrient application

100%

Szulc P.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences

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2017

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tom 32

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nr 4

Phosphorus (P) in most regions worldwide is the most important nutrient, second only to nitrogen (N), with the potential to limit agricultural production. It is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development, while the cycle of this nutrient in nature is also essential for humans and animals. In plants it is a component of organic compounds, which accumulate large amounts of energy used in numerous processes taking place in cells. Plants adequately nourished with phosphorus contain more vitamins and carotene, and less oxalic acid, which excess results in deterioration of quality of produced food and feed. At appropriate phosphorus nutrition plants achieve greater efficiency of photosynthesis and are characterized by improved water relations, as a consequence they produce higher grain yields and dry matter yields of the aboveground parts. This study presents original results of five field trails concerning different application methods for nutrients (N and P) in maize culture. Presented data come from controlled field trials, which were conducted at the Department of Agronomy, the Poznań University of Life Sciences.

12

Occurrence of European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) depending on soil content of nitrogen and a form of nitrogen fertilizer

100%

Szulc P.

Progress in Plant Protection

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2013

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tom 53

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nr 1

The aim of the study was to monitor the occurrence of European corn borer on maize plants depending on soil content of nitrogen and forms of nitrogen fertilizer. A significant influence of weather conditions on damage of maize plants caused by caterpillars was observed. It was shown that the percentage of plants with symptoms of pest feeding increased together with an increase in the level of applied nitrogen ranging from 0 to 100 kg N/ha. Maize fertilization with slow-release fertilizers significantly decreased the percentage of plants damaged by the pest in comparison with fast-release nitrogen fertilizers. ES Paroli „stay-green” cultivar revealed a significantly lower susceptibility to European corn borer feeding in comparison with ES Palazzo cultivar.

13

Effect of nitrogen fertilization and methods of magnesium application on chlorophyll content, accumulation of mineral components, and morphology of two maize hybrid types in the initial growth period part i. Content of chlorophyll and mineral components

100%

Szulc P.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura

|

2009

|

tom 08

|

nr 2

Field experiment was carried out in the Didactic and Experimental Department in Swadzim (52°26’ N; 16°45’ E) near Pozna in years 2004-2007. The experiment was established in a „split-plot” design with 3 factors and 4 field replications. Reactions of two maize hybrid types to differentiated nitrogen and magnesium fertilization and to the method of magnesium application were studied. The influence of these factors on chlorophyll content and mineral components in the dry matter of maize plants in the phase of 5-6 leaves (BBCH 15-16) was estimated. On the basis of chloroplast pigments content, it was found that the hybrid LG 2244 stay-green type was better nourished with nitrogen, in comparison with the traditional hybrid Anjou 258. The highest nitrogen content in dry plant matter was found after the application of a 90 kg N·ha⁻¹ nitrogen dose, while for magnesium of a 150 kg N·ha⁻¹ dose. A better method of magnesium application has been shown to be the sowing in row method, in comparison with the broadcasting method. As a result of magnesium sown in rows, the Mg content in plant dry matter was higher compared with the broadcasting method and with a zero dose of magnesium.

14

Co rolnik o fosforze wiedziec powinien?

100%

Szulc P.

Poradnik Gospodarski

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2004

|

nr 06

24-25

15

ABC o fosforze

100%

Szulc P.

Poradnik Gospodarski

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2008

|

nr 06

18-20

16

Badania nad wpływem zabiegów uprawowych na straty w plonie rzepaku ozimego wywołane przez szkodniki

100%

Szulc P.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Ochrony Roślin

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1959

|

tom 01

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nr 1

17

Podać kukurydzy na start

100%

Szulc P.

Nowoczesna Uprawa

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2015

|

nr 03

18

Effects of differentiated levels of nitrogen fertilization and the method of magnesium application on the utilization of nitrogen by two different maize cultivars for grain

100%

Szulc P.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2010

|

tom 19

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nr 2

407-412

A field experiment was carried out at the Didactic and Experimental Farm in Swadzim near Poznań in 2004-07. Two maize cultivars were studied, six nitrogen doses and magnesium doses. The effects of the mentioned factors exerted on the utilization of nitrogen from the applied mineral fertilizer and on the nitrogen harvest index were studied. The impact of nitrogen fertilization on the mineral intake of traditional maize cultivars has been widely presented in national and foreign literature. However, there are a limited number of papers comparing the volume of mineral intake and use between the traditional and the “stay-green”-types of cultivars. Moreover, according to the “minimum” principle, the component most deficient in the soil determines harvest volume. Magnesium is obviously one of the ingredients whose deficiency has been found in most of the soils in Poland, and this justifies research focusing on improving the precision of the technology concerning “stay-green”-type maize cultivar fertilization with nitrogen and magnesium, including the environmental aspects. The hybrid LG 2244 “stay-green”-type utilized to a higher degree nitrogen from the applied mineral fertilizer and showed a higher nitrogen harvest index, as compared with a traditional hybrid cultivar: Anjou 258. Increasing levels of nitrogen fertilization decreased N utilization by the plants and the nitrogen harvest index. The application of 15 kg Mg・ha⁻¹ both broadcast and in rows caused increased nitrogen utilization from the mineral fertilizer, which was distinctly shown by the smaller amount of Nmin in the soil after the maize harvest.

19

Kukurydza ma duze wymagania pokarmowe

100%

Szulc P.

Top Agrar Polska

|

2004

|

nr 04

96-98

20

Infections of two types of maize hybrid cultivars depending on a form of nitrogen fertilizer

100%

Szulc P.

Progress in Plant Protection

|

2013

|

tom 53

|

nr 1

The aim of the study was to assess the disease infection of plants of two maize cultivar types depending on the applied form of nitrogen fertilizer. It was shown that the type of nitrogen fertilizer significantly affected maize plant infection with the pathogenic fungi of the genus Fusarium ssp. The use of slow‐release nitrogen fertilizers decreased the percentage of maize plants infected by the fusarium diseases in comparison to the treatment with fast‐release nitrogen fertilizers. The advantage of „stay‐green” type cultivar was shown as compared to the classic cultivar. After the application of slow‐release fertilizers, such as: ammonium sulphate and urea, was significantly greater (healthier plants) in terms of the number of plants infected with the fusarium diseases was significantly lower comparing to the treatments: without nitrogen fertilizer use, and after the use of ammonium nitrate, Canwil nitrochalk and a mixture of ammonium nitrate and urea (in a ratio of 50:50). The ES Paroli „stay‐green” hybrid was characterized by a significantly lower percentage of plants infected by the fusarium diseases and corn smut in comparison with the ES Palazzo cultivar.

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