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Scientific research proves that greenhouse-gas emissions amount to climate changes which can cause a number of problems concerning social and economic issues. International initiatives such as Climate Convention and Kyoto Protocol’s proceeding are still not efficient enough to bring on substantial emissions’ cutbacks of carbon dioxide. It seems that global warming along with climate degradation will progress, and the pace of this process in the current century will significantly accelerate. Therefore, there is an urgent need to work out a national programme of adaptation to changes in the environment as well as in the climate. The article’s aim is to trigger off the afterthought about the present and future situation of the tourism business, especially taking into account the fact that West Pomeranian Region is a significant area of tourism distillation on the national scale when we think of tourism in general terms but also in its particular forms e.g. health tourism. This is an important and up-to-date issue as the majority of national and regional treatments and development programmes of tourism sector came into existence before the second Conference in Davos in 2007. During this conference experts and international organizations indicated a range of sins in the world’s tourism industry pointing to the destruction of earth’s climate and indicating probable trends of change in global, European and also in regional tourism. Without any doubt Polish tourism sector will also experience predicted changes and hence this attempt at a diagnosis where in this trio of climate, new ‘clear’ forms of energy, and tourism - national and regional tourism business will find their place. To illustrate this lack of coherent national politics in the discussed matter the example of a particular touristic corporation (health resort) was adopted in reference to the health resorts situation owned by the Polish State Treasury. Bearing in mind that mega social economic processes will influence the activity of single companies and all sectors of economy the last part of the article is devoted to the Polish view on the above mentioned processes of change on the European continent attaching great importance to these issues and leaving it open to further discussion.
The article deals with the main reflections and evaluation of historians on developments on the international financial market since the Great Depression until the turn of the phenomenon of the twentieth and twenty-first century where the economies are entirely dependent on the economy. Using the specific reflections on the stages of economising economies – Bretton Woods, Eurodollars market, restrictive monetary policy, tends to consumption, reduction of public debt – indicates that it is historians for several years before the crisis, 2007–2009 predicted conditions and stimulants of its creation. In the second part focuses on the attempt to articulate the most important (strategic) for the Polish economy research problems after the crisis in 2007–2008, and the ground of the demanding part of the article became a report from the National Bank of Poland in September 2009.
Polityka konkurencji należy do głównych i najwcześniej uzgodnionych polityk wspólnotowych. Zasadność i konieczność jej prowadzenia wiąże się bezpośrednio z jednym z głównych celów Wspólnot Europejskich, jakim było stworzenie wspólnego rynku państw członkowskich. Polityka konkurencji ma dać gwarancje, że bariery zniesione w handlu wewnętrznym, w ramach wspólnego rynku, nie zostaną zastąpione innymi działaniami ze strony przedsiębiorstw lub rządów, prowadzącymi do zniekształcenia konkurencji. Wprowadzenie wyłączeń sektorowych w poszczególnych sektorach gospodarki ma istotne znaczenie w polityce gospodarczej Unii Europejskiej poprzez zapewnienie konsumentom łatwego dostępu do dóbr i usług oferowanych na poszczególnych rynkach po maksymalnie zbliżonych cenach. W artykule zasygnalizowano problematykę wpływu wyłączeń sektorowych na wybrane mechanizmy rynkowe. Dla celów empirycznych posłużono się studium przypadku, koncentrując swoje rozważania na sektorze ubezpieczeniowym.
The paper considered whether there are factors that influence the choice of direction as well as the tourist destination of turnover of the tourism industry. It also identifies the development of health tourism in the area of socio-economic European Union. As an example, used the health tourism sector in Germany, especially its meaning and reference for Polish. A valuable clue for the Polish translation may be institutional solutions in the field of health policy, including at the regional level.
Changes which were introduced in Poland at the turn of the 80s and 90 have given rise to large-scale of unemployment. Unemployment, although it was visible mainly in the cities, has spread to rural areas. To maintain an average level of life, many farm owners were looking for additional sources of income – non-agricultural income. In order to ensure an adequate level of income of the population in rural areas and to preserve the natural landscape, agricultural production is increasingly being complemented by other activities, such as agrotourist services, manufacturing, health food, agricultural and non-agricultural services, crafts. Non-agricultural economic activities in rural areas is growing in a very different way. Currently non-agricultural entities show the highest density of western regions (West Pomerania, Pomerania, Silesia and Lubuskie Voivodeship). The largest concentration of non-agricultural entities in the suburban areas of large cities and in areas, which are attractive to tourists.
Paper presents the functions, structure and organization elements of an institutional system supporting the rural areas development. Domestic and foreign developing impulses, role of the state were also discussed. The foundations and agencies leading and supporting the development are pointed out.
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