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Adriamycin (ADR) – the antineoplastic antibiotics has confirmed proapoptotic activity, mainly on neoplastic cells and young quick dividing cells. Cardiotoxicity of Adriamycin is limitating in antineoplastic therapy. The purpose of study was an evaluation of internal pathway of induction of signal to the apoptosis in myocardial cells of rat, which had administered Adriamycin. The sign of late cardiotoxicity after Adriamycin is coagulative necrosis. In present study was noticed also increased apoptosis of cells in rat heart, which was induced via mitochondrial pathway, with activation of p-53 protein and with BAX/Bcl-2 ratio > 1 – with prevalence of proapoptotic BAX protein.
The aim of this study was immunohistochemical evaluation of heat shock protein (Hsp70) and p-53 proteins in the L- arginine-induced cellular stress in hepatocvtes of rats. Sixteen white Wistar female rats were divided into two equal groups. The rats from the experimental group received per os 40 mg/kg b.w. of L-arginine every day for 2 weeks and were decapitated after 3 weeks of the experiment. The rats from the control group received in the same manner 2 ml of distilled water and were decapitated after 3 weeks of the experiment. After decapitation specimens from the liver were collected, fixed in 10% formalin, and then embedded in paraffin blocks. Proteins Hsp70 and p-53 were detected on slides using the standard three step immunohistochemical method. The quantitative evaluation of Hsp70 and p-53 expression showed that the area of positive staining in the liver of the experimental rats (Hsp70 305,763.00 µm² +/-58,289.66, p-53 9,551.42 µm² +/-l,078.86) was comparable to that in the control groups (Hsp70 291,636.80 µm² +/-34.492.31, p-53 14,104.67 µm² +/-3,571.35). Our experiment showed, that L-arginine as a precursor of exogenous nitric oxide given to rats in dose similar to that used in pregnant women treated for hypertension did not exhibit an influence on hepatocytes.
The study was performed on 16 albino Wistar female rats divided into two equal groups: experimental and control. The rats from the experimental group received per os, every second day for 2 weeks 40 mg/kg b.w. of L-arginine. The rats from the control group received, in the same manner, 2 ml of distilled water. The animals were decapitated after 3 weeks of the experiment. After decapitation specimens from the kidneys were collected, fixed in 10% formalin, and then embedded in paraffin blocks. Protein caspase 3 was detected using the standard three step immunohistochemical method. Additionally, the apoptotic index was evaluated. The study shows that L-arginine, as a donor of exogenous nitric oxide, induced the apoptotic signal in normal renal tubular cells of the rats. The apoptotic index statistically significantly increased in the epithelial cells of the treated renal tubules compared to the control. The immunohistochemical reaction for the executing caspase 3 in the renal tubular cells, although increased in comparison with the control, was statistically insignificant.
The study material consisted of 32 Wistar female rats The rats were divided into four equal groups. The rats from the experimental groups received adriamycin - 5 mg/kg b.w. to induce apoptosis and were decapitated after 4 and 7 weeks. After decapitation, specimens from the liver were collected, fixed in 10% formalin, and then embedded in paraffin blocks. Caspases 1, 3, 8, 9, and 12, Bcl-2, BAX, and Apaf-1 were detected using the standard three-step immunohistochemical method. Adriamycin-induced apoptosis in the hepatocytes occurred after 4 weeks and increased after 7 weeks (an increase for executing caspase). Irrespective of the time factor, it was induced mainly via the mitochondrial pathway (statistically-significant increase in reaction for BAX, Apaf-1, and caspase 9) and reticular pathway (statistically-significant increase in reaction for caspase 12). Apoptosis via the extrinsic pathway through caspase 8 activation was comparable to that in control (insignificant caspase 8 reaction). There was no increased reaction observed for caspase 1, one of the markers of inflammation.
The aim of the study was an immunhistochemical evaluation of the expression of Apaf 1, Apaf 2 and Apaf 3 (apoptotic protease activating factors) in L-arginine, a substrate of nitric oxide (NO) inducing apoptosis of rats’ hepatocytes. The rats used in this experiment were divided into 2 equal groups. Experimental rats received per os L-arginine 40 mg/kg body weight every other day for 2 weeks and were decapitated after 3 weeks of the experiment. Control rats received per os 2 ml of distilled water every other day for 2 weeks and were decapitated after 3 weeks of the experiment. Specimens of the liver taken after decapitation were examined immunohistochemically, using the standard three-step method to detect the immunolocalization of Apaf 1, Apaf 2, Apaf 3. The results of immunohistochemical examinations were subjected to qualitative evaluation based on the intensity of a colour reaction at the antigen-antibody site in the rat liver examined in individual groups. The quantitative evaluation was conducted with the Analysis-pro software. The surface area of cells with a positive colour reaction (+) of antigen-antibody was calculated. The results of the study show that L-arginine, as a donor of exogenous nitric oxide, did not have an apoptotic effect leading by the intrinsic pathway, through the formation of the apoptosome and the activation of caspase 9 in the hepatocytes of rats.
The presented study describes renal tubular epithelial cells morphology in rats during adriamycin therapy. It was demonstrated that one dose of the compound can induce increasing-with time-apoptosis in the cells. A statistically-significant increase in the number of apoptotic cells was observed in experimental groups compared to controls. The highest percentage of apoptotic cells was found in rats 7 weeks after adriamycin administration. The number of apoptotic cells in these animals was statistically significantly higher than that in the rats 4 weeks after adriamycin administration.
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