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For assessment of the organic matter mobility rate, dissolved and particulate organic carbon were used. Quality of the organic matter was determined on the grounds of the relative indicator of aromatic properties (SUVA260) and the absorbance ratio at 260 nm (A260) and 330 nm (A330). The study has revealed that the dominant form of organic carbon is the dissolved form (DOC). The main source of organic matter is the autochthonous production, intensifying in spring, which is exhibited by the growth of the heterotrophic bacteria number and intensive phytoplankton bloom. Organic matter in the lake is transferred both spatially and vertically. The rate of these processes is determined by, respectively: forced water flow resulting from the cooling waters dump and sedimentation of organic matter on organic and inorganic suspensions, which is favoured by the carbonate-calcareous character of the Lake Mikorzyńskie waters. Organic matter adsorption to calcium carbonate and destruction running with the heterotrophic bacteria participation are one of the major factors limiting the heavy degradation of the lake waters.
This study focused on the phytoplankton and environment relationships as well as on the ecological and trophic conditions of lakes inhabited by coregonid fish. Studies were carried out in deep and stratified vendace-type lakes called Lake Pluszne and Lake Łańskie (the Olsztyn Lake District, north-eastern Poland) in 2007-2008. Ecological and trophic conditions were determined on the basis of the phytoplankton multi-metric PMPL and Trophic State Index. Both lakes were characterized by a similar thermal and mictic regime, with the occurrence of hypolimnetic oxygen deficits. They were classified as hydrocarbonate-calcium type and medium-sized eutrophicated water bodies. According to the integrated trophy assessment, proposed in this research, the final Trophic State Index TSIAV indicated meso-eutrophy of both lakes, although the phytoplankton-based PMPL indicated that the ecological potential in Lake Łańskie was good and less than good - due to large cyanobacteria biomasses - in Lake Pluszne. The actual loads of phosphorus and nitrogen significantly exceeded permissible levels, especially in Lake Łańskie (5-fold at the most of the P content), at similar morphometric and sedimentation conditions in both lakes. However, more intensive water-exchange rate and more favorable conditions for phosphorus runoff in Lake Łańskie could limit the phytoplankton growth, especially cyanobacteria. Summing up, better oxygen conditions and less abundant phytoplankton suggested that Lake Łańskie had more suitable conditions for coregonids during the surveyed period than Lake Pluszne, where the vendace biomass has recently decreased drastically.
The dynamic of phytoplankton in Lake Dejguny was investigated in relation to the environmental conditions influencing water quality. The phytoplankton biomass and chlorophyll concentration in water were relatively low (typical of mesotrophic lakes), with a decreasing tendency when the water transparency significantly increased. The phytoplankton was not significantly correlated with the content of nutrients in water. The vast majority of phosphorus was in a form unavailable to phytoplankton, and the TN:TP ratio evidenced the role of nitrogen and phosphorus in colimitation of its development. The general evaluation of trophy based on TSI and TLI indicated meso-eutrophy or even slight eutrophy, because of partial assessments: TSI TP, TLI TP, and TLI TN and domination of filamentous blue-green algae, which revealed a more advanced degree of eutrophication.
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