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Net blotch caused by Pyrenophora teres is the most important disease of barley in many regions in which this cereal is cultivated. In the performed work the influence of solarization period and temperature on infection of barley by P. teres was estimated. Three isolates of each P. teres f. teres and P. teres f. maculata were used. The response of six barley genotypes to the pathogen was estimated. Barley infection was differentiated and depended on solarization period, and the isolate of P. teres. Number of infected plants increased with the increase of temperature. Interaction occurred among length of solarization period and temperature. The highest barley infection by P. teres f. teres was observed at 10 hours of solarization and temperature 25°C.
Lilac (Syringa vulgaris L.) is a popular ornamental woody plant grown for its very decorative flowers and large, dark-green leaves. The leaves remain on the shrubs for a long time. The fungus, Ascochyta syringae, is a pathogen which deteriorates the decorative value of the leaves. It causes brown irregular spots on leaves. In this study, 20 fungal isolates were tested in terms of their pathogenicity towards the leaves of S. vulgaris, and mycelium growth rate, while genetic variability was determined by RAPD-PCR. It was found that some isolates do not cause the formation of brown spots on leaves. Isolates differed considerably in terms of mycelium growth rate, ranging from 0.5 mm day⁻¹ (B96 at 30°C) to 8.8 mm day⁻¹ (B92a at 25°C). A positive dependence between mycelium growth and the capacity to cause leaf spots was observed. No close dependence was found between the genetic variability of isolates and the other examined traits of the isolates.
The study evaluates the effects of selected fungicides on radial mycelial growth and the germination of teliospores and sporidia in two species. The influence of fungicides on the growth of the same developmental forms of both fungi varied at times. Germination of teliospores Ustilago maydis in all used concentrations completely inhibited the fungicides: benomyl, carboxin and thiram, flusilazole. Complete inhibition the germination of teliospores and sporidia Sphacelotheca reiliana caused grapefruit extract, benomyl, carboxin and thiram at concentrations of 10,000 to 100 mg/ml and azoxystrobin, flusilazole at concentrations of 10,000 to 1,000 mg/ml. Inhibition of mycelial growth of both species by the fungicides used was weaker than the inhibition the germination of teliospores and sporidia.
The aim of this study was to test the differences in infection by Pyrenophora teres of 22 varieties of spring barley grown under the same conditions. The occurrence of symptoms of the disease was evaluated on plants grown in the greenhouse from seeds collected in the field experiment. Barley infection by P. teres was assessed at two dates: in the middle of June and at the beginning of July. Higher infection of plants and higher percentage of infected plants were observed in the second date. Varieties: Atico, Basza, Boss, Conchita, Kormoran and Start were infected in the smallest degree. Disease occurrence in the greenhouse was low and on average for all varieties amounted to 1.9% of infected seedlings. Plant infection of particular cultivars in the field and greenhouse was different.
W pracy określono całkowitą zawartość potasu i jego formy w glebie wytworzonej z gruntów pogórniczych, w warunkach zróżnicowanego poziomu nawożenia i dwóch głębokościach orki – płytkiej i głębokiej po dwudziestosiedmioletnim okresie rekultywacji. Całkowita zawartość potasu wahała się od 11630 do 15890 mg K·kg⁻¹ gleby. Zawartość wszystkich w form potasu zwiększała się w glebie wraz ze wzrostem poziomu nawożenia i wahała się w przedziale dla potasu wodno-rozpuszczalnego od 16,45-82,53 mg K·kg⁻¹, potasu aktywnego ekstrahowanego 0,01 mol·dm⁻³ CaCl₂ od 75,51 do 210,93 mg K·kg⁻¹, potasu przyswajalnego oznaczonego w wyciągu Egnera-Riehma od 83,56 do 233,42 mg K·kg⁻¹ gleby, potasu uwstecznionego oznaczonego w 2 mol·dm⁻³ HCl od 177,24 do 403,86 mg K·kg⁻¹, potasu zapasowego ekstrahowanego 1 mol·dm⁻³ HNO₃ od 1001,2 and 1765,0 mg K·kg–1 gleby, potasu rezerwowego ekstrahowanego w 20% HCl od 1801 do 2817 mg K·kg⁻¹. Nie wystąpiły istotne statystycznie różnice pomiędzy tymi sa-mymi kombinacjami nawożenia przy zastosowaniu orki płytkiej i głębokiej.
The survey on spreading of Erysiphe flexuosa (Peck) U. Braun & Takamatsu (syn. Uncinula flexuosa Peck) was performed on horse chestnuts in different locations in Wielkopolska and Kujawsko-Pomorskie provinces. It was stated that powdery mildew occurred commonly on trees. In comparison to 2008 more infected by E. flexuosa chestnuts were found in 2009. The percentage of white chestnuts (Aesculus hippocastanum) with the disease increased from 1.1% in 2008 to 19.4% in 2009. The infection level of pink chestnuts (A. xcarnea) was similar in both years (69.2 and 66.1%).
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