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The subject of the paper is pro-health behaviour of women (N=477) who have children (N=124) and those who have no children (N=353). The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) by Icek Ajzen, in the light of which the differences in the health behaviour level of the sample group are considered, constitutes the theoretical basis of this work. The research group consisted of women at the age of 19-36 (M=27, 5 yrs of age SD=4 yrs of age). The Health and Behaviour Survey Questionnaire by Steptoe and Wardle was used for the measurement. Four scales of healthy behaviour values, i.e., taking up physical activity, avoiding addictions, hygienic and medical behaviour and nutritional habits were analysed.As a result of the comparison, it appears that childless women demonstrated a significantly higher physical activity level (M=263.03) compared to women who have children (M=170.58) at the significance level (p=0.001). As far as the hygienic and medical behaviour is concerned, a significantly higher level was observed in the group of women who have children (M=261.15) than in the group of childless women (M=231.22) at the significance level (p=0.037).Further research should focus on the determination of the influence of subjective norm change (knowledge) on the health activities undertaken by women.
Objective: To evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients aroused from prolonged coma after a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) treated by physiotherapists trained in the ‘Academy of Life’ programme. It was assumed that physiotherapists who acquired this knowledge and experience would create a better therapeutic milieu, and would be more effective than physiotherapists who had not received this training. Material and methods: 40 patients who had suffered a severe TBI in a motor vehicle accident and had been aroused from prolonged coma were examined. All the patients underwent long-term rehabilitation according to a standard, phased programme. They were divided into two numerically even groups: an experimental group, treated by therapists trained in the ‘Academy of Life’ programme, and a control group, treated by physiotherapists who were not trained in this programme. The research instruments included an analysis of documentation, a structured clinical interview, and the Quality of Life Scale. Results: As hypothesized, the experimental group showed significant improvement in HRQOL, whereas in the control group improvement was statistically non-significant. Conclusions: The patients from the experimental group, treated by physiotherapists trained in the ‘Academy of Life’, obtained a significantly greater improvement in physical and social functioning, and thus in HRQOL, than patients from the control group.
It is becoming more realistic in sport to experience and achieve certain qualities that create ‘the highest good’. One of the conditions of this transgression is to obey categorically the rules of fair play.This paper describes personal, social and educational determinants of moral values represented by young athletes. 212 young sportsmen were selected for purposes of this research. They were students from schools with religious and sports background.The results of the research show the relation between levels of morality of fair play in sport and preferred attitudes as well as educational and religious influence of teachers.Personality and temperamental gauges influence the declared moral convictions considerably: neurotics declare higher social morality than non-neurotics, also due to sport behaviours.
This paper deals with determinants of physical fitness and of a value system of the Polish Handball Federation's [Polski Związek Piłki Ręcznej] referees (N=61). The reference group theory describing the transfer of a value system within a group of referees constitutes the theoretical foundation of the paper.The referees' age ranged from 19 to 59 years (M=30.56 years SD=7.16 years). The measurement was carried out by means of the Scheler Values Scale constructed by Piotr Brzozowski and the Questionnaire of Ethics constructed by Wiesław Baryła and Bogdan Wojciszke.The results of the six basic hierarchies of values were analysed: sanctity, hedonistic, vital, aesthetic, truth, and moral. Comparisons of data obtained from a group of referees preferring common good ethics with referees showing low acceptance of the common good ethics have not revealed a considerably higher acceptance rate only in the case of values of truth and aesthetics values.The remaining hierarchies demonstrated considerable statistical variance. Further research on the determinants of referees' moral behaviours should focus on determining the impact of the subject's sex and a change in temperament traits on the development of a refereeing career.
W biologicznych badaniach lipopolisacharydów (LPS), aktywność powszechnie wyrażana jest w jednostkach masy, bez uwzględnienia przeliczników molowych. Jest to szczególnie ważne przy porównywaniu preparatów różniących się długością łańcucha cukrowego i co się z tym wiąże, średnią zawartością lipidu A w cząsteczce, będącego aktywnym centrum endotoksyny. Zastosowanie ekwimolarnych dawek LPS pozwoliłoby na określenie wpływu zarówno wielkości jak i struktury części wielocukrowej na aktywność całego polimeru.
Background: The concept of ethical codes describes and explains morality of modern sportspersons. Authors of the article constructed a tool for assessing methods of moral behaviour in sport on the basis of the concept of ethical codes. The aim of this work is to present a tool for assessing a profile of moral behaviour of people involved in sport (both competitors, coaches and sports activists). Material/Methods: The Questionnaire of Sports Ethics consists of 52 statements which are classified into 5 scales that correspond to specific ethical codes. Respondents assess to what extent a form of behaviour described in the questionnaire is proper (praiseworthy, mark 3) or improper (needed to be condemned, mark −3). Results: The new tool is both reliable and accurate. Conclusions: A theory of 5 ethical codes organizes a multitude of worldview thoughts explaining the way of activities assessment in the sphere of sport depending on the culture.
Background: The study discusses the differences in the levels of satisfaction withlife (SWL) and a sense of coherence (SOC) in disabled sedentary people, disabled persons performing leisure sports and competitive disabled athletes. Material/Methods: The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance, Pearson-correlation and a linear regression. Results: The results indicate that sport elicits an insignificant increase in SWL and SOC. SOC correlates with SWL in sedentary disabled and competitive disabled athletes. In disabled persons performing leisure sports, the level of physical activity must be tuned in order to elicit a congruent increase in SWL and SOC. Conclusions: Continued research on sport and wellness interventions for the individuals with disabilities is recommended. A critical emerging issue is to develop and promote evidence-based sport and wellness programs for physically disabled people in the Republic of Poland.
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