Bean pericarp (Pericarpium phaseoli) is a pharmacopoeic plant material which exerts diuretic and antidiabetic activities, described in the Polish Pharmacopoeia VI. The presence of free aminoacid and arginine identified with TLC method, is one of the requirements the bean pericarp must fulfil to be classified as a pharmacopoeic plant material. The aim of this work was to describe the method which enables the identification of free peptic aminoacids occurring in the bean pericarp with the HPLC method and the Dabsyl chloride. The HPLC analysis of the extracts abtawved faom the. ^túca^ oí exatwcveà an à their cultivars avowed to identify the presence of a large number of free aminoacids. K hi%h coutewt oí ojstevc\e, Veudwe, \so\e\icme and avgmme was observed in the methanol extracts obtained from the bean pericarp. The highest content of free aminoacids was found in the bean pericarp of the Piękny Jaś cultivar, the lowest content was found in the Blanka cultivar.
Chemical analyses aiming the examination of free phenolic acids content (re-count to the caffeic acid) in the seeds of 12 bean cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Phaseolus coccineus L. were carried out in years 2002-2004 in the Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants in Agricultural University, Lublin. The content of phenolic acids in seeds taken from the bean cultivars of white and colour bean seed coat was compared. The content of phenolic acids in seeds, bean seed coat and seed cotyledons was also determined. As a result of the experiment, a significant difference in content of free phenolic acids in the seeds of particular bean cultivars was observed. An average content of phenolic acids (re-count to caffeic acid) was highest in bean seed coat: 0.04% (white seeds) and 0.12% (colour seeds: claret-coloured, navy blue and black). The content of phenolic acids in whole bean seeds was 0.05% (white seeds) and 0.07% (colour seeds), but in cotyledonos 0.03% and 0.09%, on average. Bean seed coat was 8.7-11.4% of the whole mass of seeds, depending on the cultivar. The one seed mass was different for Phaseolus vulgaris L. (mean 0.28-0.65 g) and Phaseolus coccineus L. (mean 1.06-1.77 g).
W badaniach polowych w latach 1994 - 1996 oceniono plonowanie fasoli wielokwiatowej, późnej odmiany Piękny Jaś. Zastosowano 4 terminy ścinania roślin i dosuszania na konstrukcjach: koniec sierpnia, połowa września, koniec września i połowa października. Pierwszy termin przypadł po 107 - 112 dniach od siewu a ostatni po 150 - 156 dniach. Najwcześniejszy termin ścięcia (w końcu sierpnia) był najlepszy w latach (1994 i 1995), gdy po długotrwałej suszy wystąpiły w sierpniu lub wrześniu opady. W takich warunkach roślin ponownie kwitły i zawiązywały strąki, co nie sprzyjało dojrzewaniu. Plon ogólny nasion wahał się w latach badań od 653 do 2415 kg z 1 ha.
The pericarp of common bean Phaseoli Pericarpium syn. Fructus Phaseoli sine semine, is a medicinal raw material that has been long used in traditional folk medicine as an antidiabetic drug and now it is a pharmacopoeial material that belongs to one of the most frequently used plant raw materials that support treatment of diabetes. The aim of this study was to characterize the morphological characteristics of Phaseoli Pericarpium of over a dozen bean cultivars and to determine the content of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant properties of pericarp extracts. Bean pericarp used for phytochemical analysis came from field experiments conducted over the period 2010–2011. The experimental material consisted of white-flowered varieties of common bean – 5 cultivars and of runner bean – 6 cultivars. The bean pericarp, Phaseoli Pericarpium, was characterized by a high content of secondary metabolites: phenolic acids, flavonoids and tannins, whereas the pericarp extracts also exhibited antioxidant activity in scavenging DPPH. The pericarp of common bean was found to show high variation (V – 40.8%) in phenolic acid content, whereas the runner bean pericarp was characterized by high variation V (45.1%) in flavonoid content. Among the common bean cultivars studied, the pericarp of cv. ‘Laponia’ showed the greatest accumulation of biologically active substances – phenolic acids (CAE) – 0.18 mg·g–1 DM, flavonoids (QE) – 13.2 mg·100 g–1 DM, and tannins 3.43% DM. Likewise, the pericarp of the ‘Felicja’ runner bean cultivar stood out in terms of the accumulation of these compounds, as it contained the following amounts: phenolic acids – 0.33 mg·g–1 DM, flavonoids (QE) – 10.8 mg·100 g–1 DM, and tannins – 2.72% DM.
In the field experiment in 2003-2004 years 5 yellowpods and 2 greenpods cultivars of snap bean in unheated high tunnel were cultivated. The sowing date in tunnel was 16 April, and 24 or 26 April in the field when soil of nonwoven PP 17 were cover. Flowering of plants periods in tunnel were 25-32 days and in the field - 31-37 days. Snap bean plants in differentiated condition of cultivations in tunnel as well as in the field created a similar number of inflorescence and flowers in inflorescence. However pod setting were differentiated. Number of pods per plant in tunnel condition in relation to of cultivars were 13-22 and in the field were twice more in the range as mean 24.5-35.5.
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