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The effect of psychrotrophic bacteria isolated from the root zone of winter wheat on selected biotic and abiotic factors

100%
Przemieniecki S. W., Kurowski T. P., Korzekwa K., Karwowska A.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2014
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tom 54
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nr 4
The roots of winter wheat plants, cv. Mikon, grown in 45-year monoculture, were analysed in the study. Twenty-two bacterial isolates obtained from the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and endorhizosphere that were capable of growth at 8°C and at 28°C, were selected for further analysis. The isolated psychrotrophs accounted for 25% of all bacteria present in the wheat rhizosphere and capable of growth at 8°C. Psychrotrophic bacteria were analysed at a temperature of 10°C and 28°C to determine their ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi, solubilise mineral phosphates, and to determine their ability to degrade chitin and cellulose. Similarity between the isolates was determined by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus – Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) and Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA – Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR). The majority of isolated psychrotrophs inhibited the growth of pathogenic fungi and solubilised mineral phosphates at both incubation temperatures. Psychrotrophic bacteria exerted a two-fold stronger inhibitory effect on mycelial growth at 10°C than at 28°C. The growth of Fusarium culmorum and F. oxysporum was inhibited to the highest extent at 10°C and at 28°C, respectively. Phosphate solubilisation rates were higher at 28°C, particularly in the rhizosphere. Regardless of temperature, the bacteria exhibited low chitin-degrading potential, and none of the isolates was capable of degrading cellulose. A high similarity between the selected psychrotrophs was revealed by ERIC-PCR and RAPD- -PCR analyses. Based on RAPD-PCR, the analysed population was divided into a group of isolates obtained from the rhizosphere, and two groups comprising representatives of both the rhizoplane and the endorhizosphere. Due to their ability to grow over a wide temperature range and increase phosphorus availability to plants, and their antagonism against pathogens, psychrotrophic bacteria can be used to improve the growth and yield of cereal crops.
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The ability of Pseudomonas sp. SP0113 to solubilize tricalcium phosphate and its influence on the development of spring wheat

100%
Przemieniecki S. W., Kurowski T. P., Kotlarz K., Mastalerz J.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2019
|
tom 28
|
nr 5
Phosphorus is present in soil in various forms, including as insoluble organic compounds. Many species of soil-dwelling microorganisms release phosphorus from compounds that are sparingly soluble and make it partially available to crop plants. This group of microorganisms includes phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) that release phosphorus from relatively insoluble forms by producing organic acids, mineral acids, siderophores, CO₂ and H₂S. The ability of Pseudomonas sp. SP0113 to solubilize tricalcium phosphate and its influence on the development of spring wheat was determined in this study. Solubilization of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) was evaluated based on changes in the pH of the NBRIP (National Botanical Research Institute’s) phosphate growth medium. pH and redox potential were measured immediately after the addition of TCP and every 24 hours. Pseudomonas sp. SP0113 proliferated in culture media with pH lower than 7, which indicates that the evaluated strain can be used as plant-growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) in acidic soils. Seed dressing improved the biometric parameters of spring wheat. The applied bacterial strain was capable of solubilizing phosphates. Spring wheat treated with Pseudomonas sp. SP0113 was characterized by higher thousand grain weight, kernel yield higher by 7.5%, longer spikes and stems, and a lower dry matter content in comparison with control.
3

Change in microbiological conditions of lawn grass root zones as a result of fertilization with sewage sludge

88%
Kurowski P. T., Przemieniecki S. W., Grabowski K., Damszel M., Kwiatkowska E.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2016
|
tom 25
|
nr 5
Sewage sludge, thanks to its content of nutrients, can be used as a fertilizer for lawns. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the applied dose of sewage sludge and variety of lawn grasses and changes in the quality and quantity of microorganisms in the root zone of grass.The community of fungi isolated from the rhizoplane was significantly dominated by fungi belonging to the Fusarium genus, including F. oxysporum. The share of these fungi in the isolated community increased with the dose of sewage sludge. It was also found that the share of some saprotrophic fungi significantly increased after application of the sludge at a dose of 60 t•ha-1 and decreased after its application at the highest dose of 150 t•ha-1. The lowest number of fungi of the Fusarium genus was observed in the roots of perennial rye-grass (30.3% of all isolates), while their highest number occurred in creeping red fescue (44.3% of all isolates). Based on all the results, such as the level of dominance, the number of potential pathogens and bacteria and fungi saprotrophic observed that the dose of 60 t•ha-1 is the most favorable option, while the use of a dose of 150 t•ha-1 may increase the share of pathogenic fungi in the community fungi, without causing beneficial changes in the number of microorganisms inhabiting rhizosferę terms lawns where no fertilizer was applied.
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