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The work presents the results of studies carried out from 1994 to 2010 on changes in phytocenoses with Radiolion linoidis species due to increased intensification of the farming process. The research material consisted of 136 phytosociological relevés taken from the same sites located in cereals, tuber crops/maize and stubble fields. The relevés were grouped based on three periods reflecting changes in farming system: period I (1994–1997) – traditional farming system; period II (2002–2004) – shift from traditional to intensive farming; period III (2008–2010) – intensive farming system. Communities with Radiolion linoidis continued to disappear over the whole study period due to farming intensification. The phytocenoses Spergulario-Illecebretum verticillati found in stubble fields and communities with Illecebrum verticillatum observed in cereals and tuber crops in period I were replaced with patches of Echinochloo- Setarietum in maize and stubble fields as well as the association Vicietum tetraspermae in cereals in period III. The values of Sørensen’s index of community similarity and of the dynamics index emphasize how advanced the process of changes in and impoverishment of communities was.
In the paper a state of preservation and the characteristics of flora of the cultivated fields of the Kaluszyńska Upland is given. The flora of agrocenosis of the Kaluszyńska Upland is rich. The presence of 278 vascular plant species was noted in the study area. It is mainly the diversity of habitats and human activity that affected its species abundance. More than a half of a number of taxa (166 species - 59,6%) belong to the group of rare, 40 of them are endangered extinction. Among the most threatened species there are 14 taxa e.g.: Fumaria schleichen, Euphorbia exigua, Illecebrum verticillatwn, Aspe- rugo procumbens, Polycnemum arvense, Radiola linoides, Camelina sativa.
The paper is the second part of the work examining segetal communities of the Łuków Plain. It presents a description of phytocenoses establishing in cereal crops on heavy soils. Only Vicietum tetraspermae were found in these habitats. Neither patches of Consolido-Brometum nor communities representing the alliance Caucalidion lappulae were encountered. Floristic and ecological diversity of Vicietum tetraspermae was due to 8 syntaxonomic units distinguished in the study area: 3 subassociations (Vicietum tetraspermae typicum, V. t odontitetosum and V. t consolidetosum) and 6 variants within Vicietum tertaspermae typicum. Patches of Vicietum tetraspermae typicum were the most frequent in the study area whereas the remaining sub-alliances were much more rare. Of particular interest were species-poor patches of Vicietum tetraspermae typicum dominated by Vicia grandiflora found in the Łuków area which are indicative of the degradation of this alliance.
The characteristics of phytocenoses developing on light soils in cereal crops of the Łuków Plain are presented in the paper. The studies were carried out between 2003 and 2006 in 182 localities. Cereal crops on light soils were frequently occupied by patches of Arnoserido-Scleranthetum. The association reaches the eastern limit of its geographic range in the mesoregion. The phytocenoses were noted under various moisture conditions and were the floristically poorest cereal communities in the studied area. The paper presents new data on the occurrence of Arnoserido-Scleranthetum on its eastern distributional limits. Quite frequently, the patches of Vicietum tetraspermae scleranthetosum, especially of its variant with Juncus bufonius and Vicietum tetraspermae typicum variant with Rhinanthus serotinus, were also frequently noted in the studied mesoregion. Small patches of Papaveretum argemones were recorded very seldom.
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Segetal flora of the Lukow Plain

63%
The aim of the study was to characterize and analyze the segetal flora of the Łuków Plain. The study was carried out from 2003 to 2006 in 182 towns and villages. Vascular flora of the arable fields in the area under study consists of 305 species belonging to 39 families and 168 genera. The analysed flora is characterised by the prevalence of native species (64.6%) over alien species (35.4%). Archaeophytes dominate among anthropophytes, whereas meadow species are the most frequent in the group of apophytes. Annuals and biennials show a slight prevalence over perennials. The analysis of the life-form categories shows the dominance of therophytes (52.8%) as well as a relatively high share of hemicryptophytes (34.4%) and geophytes (12.5%). In the analysed flora, rare and very rare species constitute a vast majority (61.7%), whereas the common and very common species reach 13.1%.
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