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1
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Intrapopulation variability of flavonoid content in roots of Baikal skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi)

100%
Kosakowska O.
Herba Polonica
|
2017
|
tom 63
|
nr 1
2
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Content available

Morphological and chemical variability of common oregano (Origanum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare) occurring in eastern Poland

63%
Kosakowska O., Czupa W.
Herba Polonica
|
2018
|
tom 64
|
nr 1
Common oregano is an important medicinal and aromatic plant, characterized by a high morphological and chemical variability. The aim of the work was to determine the diversity of 14 common oregano populations introduced into ex situ conditions, in respect of morphological and developmental traits as well as content and composition of essential oil in herb. Observations and harvest of raw material were performed in the second year of plant vegetation. Morphological and developmental characters were estimated. Total content of essential oil was determined according to European Pharmacopoeia 8th. The composition of essential oil was carried out by gas chromatography. Populations differed in respect of examined traits, i.a.: plant’s height from 52.13 to 88.66 cm, number of stems per plant from 45.6 to 123.3, number of internodes per stem from 4.6 to 9.2. Fresh mass of herb was at a level of 249.0–896.6 g per plant. Total content of essential oil ranged from 0.35 to 0.87%. Sabinene, 1,8-cineole, linalool, p-cymene, β-caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide were the dominant compounds in essential oil. Number of stems and fresh mass of herb differentiated examined populations at the highest degree. Most of populations were classified as a sabinyl chemotype rich in sesquiterpenes.
3

Właściwości przeciwutleniające organów wegetatywnych wiesiołka (Oenothera sp.) i wierzbownicy (Epilobium sp.)

51%
Bajer M., Kosakowska O., Pelc M., Baczek K.
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
|
2008
|
tom 527
Celem przedstawionych badań było określenie zawartości kwasów fenolowych i aktywności przeciwutleniającej w liściach i korzeniach dwóch gatunków wierzbownicy i wiesiołka. W badanych ekstraktach określono zawartość kwasów fenolowych metodą HPLC oraz aktywność przeciwutleniającą metodą FRAP i DPPH. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują, że ekstrakty z badanych roślin różnią się znacząco zarówno pod względem zawartości kwasów fenolowych, jak i aktywności przeciwutleniającej. Zdecydowanie wyższą, w porównaniu do wiesiołka, aktywnością cechowały się wyciągi z wierzbownic. Najwyższą aktywność wykazywał ekstrakt z liści wierzbownicy kosmatej, zebranych w fazie wegetatywnej, zawieraj ący także najwięcej kwasu elagowego i kawowego - związków, którym przypisuje się wysoką aktywność przeciwutleniającą.
4

Sterole w organach wegetatywnych i generatywnych wiesiołka dziwnego (Oenothera paradoxa Hudziok)

51%
Kosakowska O., Przybyl J. L., Weglarz Z.
Folia Horticulturae. Suplement
|
2006
|
nr 1
5
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Accumulation of phenolics in Eleuthero (Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim.) as affected by plant development

51%
Baczek K., Przybyl J. L., Kosakowska O., Weglarz Z.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
|
2017
|
tom 16
|
nr 4
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of plant age and growth phase on the accumulation of phenolics in stem bark, leaves and underground organs of Eleuthero. Their content was assessed using validated HPLC-DAD method. In underground organs and stem bark 7 phenolics were determined, i.e. eleutherosides B and E as well as caffeic, ferulic, chlorogenic, rosmarinic and protocatechuic acids. The content of eleutherosides B was significantly higher in stem bark while eleutherosides E, in underground organs. Accumulation of these compounds was the highest in the 4-year-old plants (87.43 mg·100 g–1 DW of eleutherosides B and 85.22 mg·100 g–1 DW of eleutherosides E in underground organs; 302.21 mg·100 g–1 DW of eleutherosides B and 24.89 mg·100 g–1 DW eleutherosides E in stem bark). In these organs, among identified phenolic acids chlorogenic acid was the dominant. In the leaves 4 phenolic acids (caffeic, ferulic, chlorogenic and rosmarinic acids), as well as 2 flavonoids (rutoside and hyperoside), were identified. Flavonoids and caffeic acid occurred in higher amounts at the beginning of leaf senescence, whereas the other phenolic acids – at the full vegetation. Their content was the highest in 2-year-old plants.
6

Sterols and fatty acids in the seeds of fireweed (Epilobium sp.) and evening primrose (Oenothera sp.)

51%
Pelc M., Kosakowska O., Weglarz Z.
Herba Polonica. Suplement
|
2005
|
tom 51
|
nr 1
7

Chemical diversity of five natural growing populations of evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.)

51%
Wardziak O., Kosakowska O., Osinska E.
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Horticulture and Landscape Architecture
|
2007
|
tom 28
8

Przeciwdrobnoustrojowa aktywność ekstraktu z kłączy bergenii grubolistnej (Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch)

51%
Krasniewska K., Gniewosz M., Baczek K., Kosakowska O.
Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna
|
2011
|
tom 44
|
nr 3
9

Ocena składu chemicznego olejku eterycznego dziko rosnących populacji lebiodki pospolitej (Origanum vulgare L.)

51%
Kosakowska O., Baczek K., Geszprych A., Weglarz Z.
Polish Journal of Agronomy
|
2013
|
nr 15
Celem pracy było określenie zmienności wewnątrzgatunkowej wybranych dziko rosnących populacji lebiodki pospolitej pod kątem zawartości i składu chemicznego olejku eterycznego. W 2011 roku wytypowano 8 populacji lebiodki pospolitej występujących na stanowiskach naturalnych, głównie na terenie wschodniej Polski. Z kwitnących roślin pozyskano ziele, które po wysuszeniu w temperaturze 35°C poddano ocenie chemicznej. Ogólną zawartość olejku określono metodą destylacji z parą wodną, a jego skład chemiczny oznaczono przy wykorzystaniu chromatografi i gazowej. Badane populacje lebiodki różniły się zarówno pod względem zawartości, jak i składu chemicznego olejku eterycznego. Ogólna zawartość olejku wahała się od 0,20% do 0,73%. W olejku zidentyfi kowano 21 składników, przy czym w największej ilości wystąpiły: sabinen (5,24–30,49%), tlenek kariofi lenu (6,07–19,21%) i β-kariofi len (3,29–12%).
10
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Content available

Accumulation of phenolic compounds in the purple betony herb (Stachys officinalis L.) originated from cultivation

51%
Baczek K., Kosakowska O., Przybyl J. L., Weglarz Z.
Herba Polonica
|
2016
|
tom 62
|
nr 2
Introduction: Purple betony (Stachys officinalis L., Lamiaceae) is a perennial of versatile medicinal usage. Nowadays, in Poland betony herb is collected exclusively from wild growing plants. Decreasing number of its natural sites results in lack of the herb supply and thus, in its limited usage. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the effects of the age of plant and term of raw material harvest on its yield and quality in cultivation conditions. Methods: The observations were carried out on 2- and 3-year-old plants. During vegetation the herb was collected for four times. The raw material was subjected to chemical analysis. Tannins (as pyrogallol equivalent) were determined according to Polish Pharmacopoeia, phenolic acids and flavonoids – by HPLC. Results: The mass of herb, both in the second and third year, had increased from the beginning of vegetation up to seed setting. The highest content of tannins was found in the herb collected at the vegetative stage of plant development (2.05% in the second and 2.91% in the third year). Four phenolic acids (chlorogenic, ferulic, caffeic and rosmarinic acids) and five flavonoid compounds (orientin, luteolin-7-glucoside, apigenin-7-glucoside, apigenin-3-glucoside, apigenin) were identified in the obtained raw materials. In these groups, the dominant compounds were caffeic acid and apigenin. The highest content of caffeic acid was found at the beginning of plant vegetation, whereas apigenin – at the stage of full blooming and seed setting. Conclusion: In cultivation conditions, purple betony produces high mass of herb which may be used as a valuable raw material in herbal industry.
11
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Content available

Yield and quality of plantain (Plantago major L.) herb in the second year of cultivation

51%
Roslon W., Gontar L., Kosakowska O., Osinska E.
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Horticulture and Landscape Architecture
|
2015
|
tom 36
12
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Content available

Setting of southern sweet-grass plantation with stem cuttings obtained by division of maternal plants

45%
Baczek K., Angielczyk M., Mosakowska K., Kosakowska O., Weglarz Z.
Herba Polonica
|
2014
|
tom 60
|
nr 4
Southern sweet-grass (Hierochloë australis /Schrad./ Roem. & Schult.) is a perennial, wild growing tuft grass occurring in North-East Poland, Belarus and Finland. In Poland the species is under the partial legal protection. The raw material harvested from this plant are leaves rich in coumarins, mainly in coumarin responsible for specific sweet aroma of leaves. They are used mostly for the aromatization of alcohol and tobacco products. Due to high demand for the raw material and decrease in the natural resources of the species, it is advisable to introduce the plant into cultivation. In the presented study vegetative planting stock (1-, 2-, and 4-stem cuttings) were used to set the plantation of southern sweet-grass. The influence of the planting stock type on the mass of leaves and their quality in the first and second year of plant vegetation as well as the mass of seeds from two-year-old plants were investigated. The highest number of well rooted plants was obtained from 4-stem cuttings (74.07%) and the least – from 1-stem cuttings (47.53%). Both, on one- and two-year-old plantations the plants from 4-stem cuttings were characterized by the highest mass of leaves (7.73 and 24.65 g × plant-1, respectively). The plants were also characterized by the highest number of generative shoots (40.71 pcs. × plant-1) and mass of seeds (4.62 g × plant-1). The total contents of coumarins and phenolic acids did not depend on the type of planting stock. The contents of these compounds was higher in two-year-old plants than in one-year-old ones, whereas the content of flavonoids was higher in one-year-old plants.
13

Różnorodność genetyczna populacji kozłka lekarskiego (Valeriana officinalis L.) ze stanowiski naturalnych w Polsce

45%
Boczkowska M., Baczek K., Pawelczak A., Kosakowska O., Weglarz Z.
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
|
2018
|
nr 283
14
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Content available

Seasonal variation of phenolics content in above- and underground organs of dropwort (Filipendula vulgaris Moench)

45%
Baczek K., Cygan M., Przybyl J. L., Kosakowska O., Weglarz Z.
Herba Polonica
|
2012
|
tom 58
|
nr 3
The content and chemical composition of phenolic compounds in above- and underground organs of dropwort during second year of plant vegetation were studied. Five flavonoids (hyperosid, astragalin, spireaoside, kaempferol, quercetin), 2 catechin derivatives ((+)-catechin, (-)-epigallocatechin), and 7 polyphenolic acids (ellagic, gallic, syringic, salicylic, chlorogenic, caffeic and rosmarinic) were identified in aboveground organs. Their content, both in flowers and leaves, was significantly higher at the beginning of flowering as compared with full flowering stage. In underground organs (+)-catechin and its derivatives ((-)-epigallocatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, (-)-epicatechin) as well as 2 polyphenolic acids (ellagic and gallic) were identified. Their content was not closely related to the stage of plant development.
15
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Content available

Chemical compounds and antimicrobial activity of petitgrain (Citrus aurantium L. var. amara) essential oil

45%
Gniewosz M., Krasniewska K., Kosakowska O., Pobiega K., Wolska I.
Herba Polonica
|
2017
|
tom 63
|
nr 4
Introduction: Due to its low cost and easy availability on the market, the petitgrain oil is commonly used in food, cosmetics, and aromatherapy. Objective: The examination of chemical composition and antibacterial activity of commercial petitgrain oil. Methods: Identification of chemical components of the petitgrain oil was performed by gas chromatography (GC). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentrations (MBC/MFC) were determined using macrodilution method for the reference strains of bacteria and fungi. Results: Twenty components were identified. The petitgrain oil contained mostly oxygenated monoterpene hydrocarbons (98.01%), and the main components included linalyl acetate (48.06%) and linalool (26.88%). The MIC/MBC of the petitgrain oil for bacteria was in the range of 0.63–5.0/1.25–5.0 mg/ml and for fungi in the range of 1.25–40/5.0–80 mg/ml. Conclusion: The petitgrain oil had higher antibacterial activity than antifungal activity. Bacillus subtilis among the tested bacteria and Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum among the fungi were found to be highly inhibited by the petitgrain oil.
16
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Content available

Chemical variability of common skullcap (Scutellaria galericulata L.) wild growing in the area of eastern Poland

45%
Kosakowska O., Baczek K., Przybyl J. L., Pioro-Jabrucka E., Weglarz Z.
Herba Polonica
|
2016
|
tom 62
|
nr 3
Introduction. In the group of plants revealing adaptogenic activity, species belonging to Scutellaria genus are considered to be the most important ones. Common skullcap (Scutellaria galericulata L.) is less known species from this genus, growing wild in Poland in wet habitats. Its herb has been used in the past as a sedative and diuretic agent. Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the variability of common skullcap in terms of the accumulation of flavonoids in the herb. Methods. The objects of the study were 17 common skullcap populations growing wild in eastern Poland. At each natural site, the list of main flowering plant species was carried out, according to Braun-Blanquet scale of plant abundance. The total content of flavonoids was determined according to EP 8th. The analysis of flavonoids was carried out using HPLC, Shimadzu chromatograph. Results. The total content of flavonoids ranged from 0.21 to 0.50% dry matter (DM). Using HPLC, eight compounds were identified within the group, with chrysin-7-O-glucuronide (30.91–589.27 mg × 100 g-1 DM), baicalin (61.90–482.93 mg × 100 g-1 DM) and scutellarin (43.77–213.54 mg × 100 g-1 DM) as dominants. Chrysin was the compound which in the highest degree differentiated investigated populations (CV=0.77). Conclusion. Obtained results indicate that investigated common skullcap populations differed in terms of the total content of flavonoids as well as the content of indentified flavonoids in the herb. However, there was no clear relationship between geographical localization of populations and the content of identified flavonoids in raw material.
17

Skład związków sterolowych w odmianach brokułu zależnie od metody uprawy

45%
Gajewski M., Przybyl J. L., Kosakowska O., Szymczak P., Bajer M.
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
|
2008
|
tom 527
Sterole roślinne wykazują różnorodną aktywność biologiczną, a w roślinie są podstawowymi składnikami strukturalnymi i funkcjonalnymi cytomembran. Celem pracy było określenie sumy i składu wolnych steroli w dwóch zróżnicowanych pod względem cech użytkowych odmianach brokułu, w zależności od metody i terminu uprawy. Badania przeprowadzono w latach 2005 i 2006. Brokuły uprawiano z rozsady na zbiór letni lub jesienny, metoda „na płask” lub na redlinach wykonanych wiosną. Wolne sterole w brokułach określano bezpośrednio po zbiorze metodą HPLC. Materiał roślinny poddano po wysuszeniu ekstrakcji w heksanie. Ekstrakty analizowano z wykorzystaniem chromatografu Shimadzu, z detektorem SPD-M10A VP. Wpływ metody uprawy okazał się istotny w zarówno przypadku sumy steroli, jak ich składu jakościowego. Ogólna zawartość wolnych steroli w częściach jadalnych brokułów wahała się w granicach 40-109 mg 100 g⁻¹ s.m. Zawartość wolnych steroli w brokułach różniła się w obu terminach uprawy. Dominującymi formami związków sterolowych były β-sitosterol i brassicasterol, ale skład i zawartość steroli zależały istotnie od odmiany brokułu.
18

Sterols and fatty acids in the seeds of roselle [Hibiscus sabdariffa L.] cultivated in Egypt

45%
Kosakowska O., Weglarz Z., Sidky M., Przybyl J., Geszprych A.
Herba Polonica
|
2005
|
tom 51
|
nr 1-2
The comparative study on the composition of fatty acids and sterols in the seed oil of four forms of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) cultivated in Egypt was carried out. The total oil content in the seeds of the investigated forms ranged from 15.31 to 18.99?á. As a result of the GC analysis five fatty acids were identified: palmitic, stearic, linolic, y-linoleic, and a-linoleic acid. The forms differed both in respect of the presence and the content of particular fatty acids. The HPLC analysis indicated the presence of four free sterols in the Roselle seed oil: brassicasterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and sitosterol. Sitosterol ap­peared to be the main sterol and its content depended on the form of Roselle.
19

Sterols and fatty acids in the seeds of evening primrose [Oenothera sp.] and willow herb [Epilobium sp.]

45%
Pelc M., Kosakowska O., Weglarz Z., Przybyl J., Geszprych A.
Herba Polonica
|
2005
|
tom 51
|
nr 3-4
The content and composition of fatty acids and sterols in the seed oil of two cultivated evening primrose species (Oenothera paradoxa Hudziok, 0. glazioviana Micheli in Mart.) and two willow herb species (Epilobium tetragonum L., E. hirsutum L.) were compared. A GC analysis of the evening primrose seed oil resulted in identifying five fatty acids (pal­mitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and y-linolenic acids), with linoleic and y-linolenic acids as dominant compounds. In the willow herb seed oil six fatty acids were identified (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, y-linolenic and a-linolenic acids) with palmitic and linoleic acids as dominant compounds. An HPLC analysis indicated the presence of four free sterols in the evening primrose seed oil and five in the willow herb seed oil. ß-sitosterol and brassicast- erol appeared to be the main sterols in seed oils of the investigated species.
20
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Content available

Variability of southern sweet-grass (Hierochloe australis /Schrad./ Roem. and Schult.) wild growing populations occurring in eastern Poland

39%
Baczek K., Angielczyk M., Przybyl J. L., Kosakowska O., Ejdys M., Weglarz Z.
Herba Polonica
|
2015
|
tom 61
|
nr 3
Southern sweet-grass is a perennial grass distributed through north-eastern Europe. In Poland, this rare, partially protected plant grows wild in well-lit coniferous or mixed forests. Its leaves, rich in coumarin compounds, are used for aromatization of alcohols. Taking into account high demand on this raw material and decrease in the number of southern sweetgrass populations it is recommended to introduce the plant into cultivation systems. In this study 12 populations of southern sweet-grass were selected and assessed in terms of their cultivation usefulness. The presence of associated plant species growing on its natural sites was investigated as well as light irradiance on those stands. The species was found in 3 types of forest communities. Air dry mass of leaves per plant varied in analyzed populations from 1.73 to 11.07 g. They were significantly diversified in the total content of coumarins (0.36–0.96%), flavonoids (0.09–0.26%) and polyphenolic acids (0.13–0.29%). The diversity concerning the content of coumarin, a quality indicator of leaves, was even higher. The content of this compound varied from 52.03 to 275.74 mg/100 g d. m. Among the analyzed populations, the most interesting seem to be population No. 12 (Jedwabno) and population No. 10 (Ruciane) characterized with relatively high mass of leaves and the highest content of the identified active compounds, including coumarin.
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