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Oceniano aktywność fagocytarną związaną z wybuchem tlenowym granulocytów obojętnochłonnych u chorych z boreliozą z Lyme. Wykazano spadek wartości badanych parametrów w ostrej fazie choroby oraz ich normalizację w badaniu odległym, wykonanym po sześciu miesiącach od zakończenia leczenia. Poprawa badanych funkcji neutrofilów w badaniach odległych sugeruje, że obserwowane zmiany mają charakter nabyty, uwarunkowany obecnością krętka Borrelia burgdorferi.
Sera of 39 farmers, 119 foresters and 32 blood donors were investigated for the presence of antibodies against B. burgdorferi, A. phagocytophilum, B. microti and Bartonella spp. Semi-quantitative indirect immunofluorescence test was used to measure titers of anti-A. phagocytophilum, B. microti and Bartonella spp. IgG. ELISA test was used to measure titers of anti-B. burgdorferi IgM and IgG. B. burgdorferi was the most frequently observed among all the examined pathogens. 27.7% of farmers, 23.1% of forestry workers and 37.5% of control group were infected with Bartonella spp. Anti-A. phagocytophilum and anti-B. microti reactions were observed rarely. Sera of persons with single infection dominated in farmers and forestry workers. Co-infection with 2 pathogens was observed more frequently in forestry workers and farmers than in the control group. Co-infections with 3-4 pathogens were observed only in forestry workers. Among the observed co-infections, the most frequent were: B. burgdorferi with Bartonella spp. and B. burgdorferi with A. phagocytophilum. Moreover, in forestry workers, triple coinfections with B. burgdorferi, Bartonella spp. and A. phagocytophilum and one quadruple coinfection were observed. Persons with occupational risk of tick bites, especially forestry workers, more often have anti-B. burgdorferi antibodies and are more often co-infected with various tick-borne pathogens than the persons from the control group. It seems that more often coinfections in persons with occupational risk of tick bites are a consequence of the higher incidence of infection with B. burgdorferi, as anti-B. microti, A. phagocytophilum and Bartonella spp. antibodies are not more commonly prevalent in persons with occupational risk of tick bites than in healthy volunteers.
Introduction and objective. Several Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species cause Lyme borreliosis throughout Europe and their geographic distribution may influence clinical manifestations of the disease. In Poland, Lyme borreliosis presents mainly with neurologic and cutaneous symptoms, while clinically overt arthritis is rare. The presented study investigates the prevalence of B. burgdorferi s.l. genospecies in a group of patients with different clinical forms and stages of Lyme borreliosis in north-east of Poland. This has not previously been studied. Material and methods. Preferential reactivity towards different B.burgdorferi s.l. species was investigated with a previously validated immunoblot assay in sera of 33 patients with disseminated Lyme borreliosis: 10 with neuroborreliosis, 6 with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans and 17 with osteoarticular symptoms. Also typed were B.burgdorferi s.l. DNA isolated from the skin and synovial fluid of 7 patients with erythema migrans, acrodermatitis chronic atrophicans and arthritis. Results. Preferential reactivity was detected in 30 out of 33 serum samples. Of these, 25 reacted preferentially with B.afzelii, 3 with B. garinii and 2 with B. burgdorferi ss. B.burgdorferi DNA was isolated from all studied samples and typed as B.afzelii in 5. In a patient with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans studied with both methods simultaneously, B.afzelii was identified by both genotyping and serotyping. Conclusions. Both methods gave consistent results, indicating B.afzelii as the main agent of all the clinical forms of the Lyme borreliosis in the study area.
The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of Borrelia burgdorferi DNA detection in the blood and urine of patients diagnosed with erythema migrans, and compare the results of PCR-based methods with ELISA methodology. The latter was used to detect serum antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi of the IgM and IgG classes, before and after antibiotic therapy. The study included 86 patients hospitalized in the Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections in the Medical Academy in Białystok, diagnosed with the erythema migrans phase of Lyme borreliosis. Examinations were carried out twice: the fi rst at the moment of diagnosis (Trial 1), the second after 4 weeks of antibiotic therapy. The study showed that antibiotic therapy in the early phase of borreliosis does not decrease the sensitivity of PCR and that after 4 weeks of therapy (Trial 2), spirochete DNA is still detectable in most patients (45/86). There was no correlation between detectability of spirochete DNA and the presence of antibodies against B. burgdorferi s.l. (assessed by ELISA) during the course of erythema migrans. The largest percentage of positive results in the detection of B. burgdorferi s.l. DNA was observed in patients who simultaneously possessed IgM and IgG antibodies against B. burgdorferi, while the lowest percentage of PCR positive results was among patients with only IgM antibodies.
Co-occurrence of granulocytic anaplasmosis, borreliosis and babesiosis in humans is a result of common vectors for the respective pathogens of these diseases, most commonly ticks from the genus Ixodes. Studies on ticks in Europe and also in Poland have shown that several pathogens may co-occur in individuals of I. ricnus. A total of 96 hospitalised patients infected or suspected of being infected with borreliosis were screened for A. phagocytophilum and Babesia sp. DNA. Positive results of PCRs for A. phagocytophilum DNA were obtained for 10 patients, 8 of whom were diagnosed with borreliosis earlier, and 4 of whom were diagnosed with tick-borne encephalitis (on the basis of serological studies of serum and cerebrospinal fluid). None of the 10 patients had clinical or biochemical markers of anaplasmosis, corroborating the existence of asymptomatic anaplasmosis or self-limiting course. in Europe. Similarly, Babesia DNA was not found in the blood of any of the patients. The results of the studies show that in diagnosing tick-borne diseases, clinical examinations should consider infection by two or even three tick-borne pathogens.
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