Preferencje help
Polish version English version Język
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 7

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
1

Ni+2 -inhibited radicle growth in germinating wheat seeds involves alterations in sugar metabolism

100%
Negi A., Singh H. P., Batish D. R., Kohli R. K.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2014
|
tom 36
|
nr 04
Nickel (Ni) is a trace element essential for the growth and development of plants. Conversely, when in excess, Ni inhibits seed germination and reduces seedling growth. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Ni⁺² (5–50 μM; supplied as nickel sulfate: NiSO₄‧6H₂O) on the activity of enzymes involved in sugar metabolism of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings after 96 h of exposure to the metal. Ni⁺² treatment reduced root and coleoptile length of emerging wheat seedlings and the effect was more pronounced on the root length. Ni⁺² (5–50 μM) treatment significantly enhanced carbohydrate content by 21–100 % over that of the control. In contrast, protein and reducing sugar contents declined by 17–43 and 22–69 %, respectively. The reduction in total protein content was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis. The activities of starchmetabolizing enzymes declined upon Ni⁺² stress in a concentration-dependent manner. Activities of α- and β-amylases, acid and alkaline invertases, acid and alkaline phosphatases, and starch phosphorylase declined by 18–74 and 24–85 %, 42–76 and 21–73 %, 15–54 and 28–72 %, and 50–83 %, respectively, when compared to the control. The study concludes that Ni⁺² impairs sugar metabolism as indicated by decline in the activity of sucrose and starch hydrolyzing enzymes. It resulted in decrease in the availability of biochemical energy and sugars required for the synthesis, leading to inhibition of radicle growth in germinating wheat seeds.
2

Alterations in photosynthetic pigments, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism in a wild plant Coronopus didymus L. (Brassicaceae) under lead stress

100%
Singh Sidhu G. P., Singh H. P., Batish D. R., Kumar Kohli R.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2017
|
tom 39
|
nr 08
3

Phytotoxicity of decomposing below-ground residues of Ageratum conyzoides: nature and dynamics of release of phytotoxins

100%
Kaur S., Singh H. P., Batish D. R., Kohli R. K.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2012
|
tom 34
|
nr 3
We investigated the dynamics of phytotoxicity and the quantitative changes in phenolics in decomposing root residues of Ageratum conyzoides over a 60-day period. A set of four treatments, viz. residues alone (R), residues mixed into soils (R + S, R + 3S), and soil alone (S), were maintained and the quantitative changes in phytotoxicity were monitored on 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, and 60 day after decomposition (DAD). The phytotoxicity during the decomposition process was evaluated in a laboratory bioassay against radish (Raphanus sativus). The phytotoxicity of R, R + S, and R + 3S treatments increased during initial period of decomposition (up to 20-DAD), and declined afterwards (i.e., at >20-DAD). In general, the phytotoxicity was in the order R > R + S > R + 3S treatments. It was paralleled by a similar trend of changes in the amounts of water-soluble phenolics that increased up to 20-DAD and thereafter declined. The amount of phenolics was in the order R > R + S > R + 3S. At 1-DAD, the amount of water soluble phenolics in R, R + S, and R + 3S treatments was 765.3, 594.5, and 251.3 µg/ml, respectively. It enhanced to 1,266.76, 845.5, and 416.0 µg/ml at 20-DAD. However, at 60-DAD, the amounts of phenolics in R, R + S, and R + 3S treatments was 149.93, 142.6, and 100.0 µg/ml, respectively. The study concludes that the phytotoxicity of below-ground residues of A. conyzoides changes during decomposition andwas reduced upon the addition of soil to the residues.
4

Phytotoxic effects of beta-pinene on early growth and associated biochemical changes in rice

100%
Chowhan N., Singh H. P., Batish D. R., Kohli R. K.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2011
|
tom 33
|
nr 6
β-Pinene, an oxygenated monoterpene, is one of the major monoterpenes emitted into the atmosphere from forest areas and trees. Besides, it is a principal component of essential oils of a number of aromatic plants, which are involved in a variety of ecological interactions, including allelopathy, in the natural environment. However, studies pertaining to phytotoxicity and biochemical effect(s) of β-pinene are largely lacking. We investigated the effect of β-pinene (0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.20, 0.40 and 0.80 mg/ml) in a dose- and time-dependent manner on early seedling growth, dry weight accumulation, photosynthetic pigments and changes in macromolecule (protein and carbohydrate) content and activities of enzymes— proteases, α- and β-amylases, polyphenol oxidases and peroxidases- in rice (Oryza sativa) after 3rd, 5th and 7th day of exposure. Β-pinene (≥0.04 mg/ml) significantly reduced the root (by 13–87%) and coleoptile (by 5–80%) length of rice. Exposure to β-pinene reduced total chlorophyll content in rice coleoptiles suggesting a negative impact on photosynthesis. The content of macromolecules (proteins and carbohydrates) enhanced significantly in response to β-pinene, whereas the activities of hydrolyzing enzymes—proteases, α-amylases, and β-amylases—declined (by 30–85, 26–84, 27–74%, respectively) in β-pinene-exposed seedlings. In contrast, the activities of peroxidases (POX) and polyphenol oxidases (PPO) enhanced significantly (by 16–152 and 53–290%, respectively) in rice roots in response to β-pinene in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Increased activities of POX and PPO indicate their involvement in providing protection and/or conferring resistance against β-pinene-induced stress. The study concludes that β-pinene inhibits the early growth of rice by altering the plant biochemical status and enhancing activities of POXs and PPOs involved in general plant defense.
5

Reactive oxygen species generation and antioxidant defense system in hydroponically grown wheat (Triticum aestivum ) upon β-pinene exposure: an early time course assessment

88%
Chowhan N., Bali A. S., Singh H. P., Batish D. R., Kohli R. K.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2014
|
tom 36
|
nr 12
We investigated the effect of β-pinene on reactive oxygen species (ROS: lipid peroxidation, membrane integrity, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide ions) generation and activity of antioxidant defense system during early hours of treatment (4, 8, 16 and 24 h) in hydroponically grown Triticum aestivum (wheat). β-Pinene reduced the root and shoot growth of the hydroponically grown wheat. However, the reduction was more pronounced in root length than in shoot length. β-Pinene enhanced ROS generation as indicated by increased levels of malondialdehyde (20–87 %), hydrogen peroxide (9–45 %) and superoxide ion (23–179 %) content, thereby suggesting lipid peroxidation and induction of oxidative stress in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The oxidative damage was more pronounced at ≥10 μM β-pinene and at ≥8 h after exposure. β-Pinene caused a severe electrolyte leakage from wheat roots indicating membrane disruption and loss of integrity. Enhanced lipid peroxidation and loss of membrane integrity were confirmed by in situ histochemical studies. β-Pinene provoked increase in the activity of lipoxygenase and upregulation in the activities of antioxidant enzymes: catalases, superoxide dismutases, ascorbate peroxidases, guaiacol peroxidases and glutathione reductases. The enhanced activity of lipoxygenases evoked by β-pinene paralleled higher accumulation of MDA, thereby suggesting that antioxidant defense mechanism was not able to prevent β-pinene-induced lipid peroxidation.
6

Caffeine affects adventitious rooting and causes biochemical changes in the hypocotyl cuttings of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.)

88%
Batish D. R., Singh H. P., Kaur M., Kohli R. K., Yadav S. S.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2008
|
tom 30
|
nr 3
Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), a purine alkaloid found naturally in over 100 plant species, has recently been viewed as a safe chemical for management of pests including molluscs, slugs, snails, bacteria, and as a bird deterrent. It possesses phytotoxicity against plant species, yet the mechanism of action is lacking. A study was conducted to determine the effect of caffeine on the rooting of hypocotyl cuttings of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) and the associated biochemical changes. At lower concentrations (<1,000 μM) of caffeine, though rooting potential was not affected, yet there was a significant decrease in the number of roots and root length. At 1,000 μM caffeine, there was a 68% decrease in the number of roots/primordia per cutting, whereas root length decreased by over 80%. However, no root formation occurred at 2,000 μM caffeine. Further investigations into the biochemical processes linked to root formation revealed that caffeine significantly affects protein content, activities of proteases, polyphenol oxidases (PPO) and total endogenous phenolic (EP) content, in the mung bean hypocotyls. A decrease in rooting potential was associated with a drastic reduction in protein content in the lower rooted portion, whereas the specific activity of proteases increased indicating that caffeine affects the protein metabolism. Activity of PPO decreased in response to caffeine, whereas EP content increased significantly indicating its non-utilization and thus less or no root formation. Respiratory ability of rooted tissue, as determined through TTC (2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride) reduction, was impaired in response to caffeine indicating an adverse effect on the energy metabolism. The study concludes that caffeine interferes with the root development by impairing protein metabolism, affecting activity of PPO (and thus lignification), and EP content, which are the crucial steps for root formation.
7

Phytotoxicity and weed management potential of leaf extracts of Callistemon viminalis against the weeds of rice

88%
Bali A. S., Batish D. R., Singh H. P., Kaur S., Kohli R. K.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2017
|
tom 39
|
nr 01
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.