The influence of UVA and VIS radiation on the β-carotene biosynthesis by yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa was studied. The impact of radiation characteristic on biomass growth, substrate consumption and β-carotene production in submerged batch culture in bioreactor was studied. Three different types of light sources were used in the experiment: VIS – 15 W, wavelength range from 400 to 800 nm, the largest emission at 420 nm; UVA – 18 W, blue light, wavelength range of 350 to 430 nm, the largest emission at 370 nm; UVA – 20 W, wavelength range from 350 to 575 nm, the largest emission at 350 nm. In cultures conducted with UVA – 18 W radiation the highest β-carotene and carotenoids cellular concentration were achieved, respectively 63.20 μg/gd.w. and 0.97 mg/gd.w.. In cultures subject to VIS radiation a lower β-carotene concentration at 43.60 μg/gd.w. and the total carotenoids concentration at 0.83 mg/gd.w. was obtained. The ultraviolet radiation with the emission peak of radiation at 370 nm promoted the β-carotene and carotenoids production in yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa.
Plants are rich and still unexploited sources of bioactive compounds, attractive for their therapeutic properties and as the raw material for the formulation of pharmaceutical and food products. The colour of the plants, especially comestibles as vegetables or fruits, results from chemical compounds whose metabolic activity is the aim of many studies nowadays. The carotenoids, a group of organic compounds with an unsaturated skeleton of hydrocarbons, results in the colours of yellow, orange and red. Having antioxidant activity and, for some of them, being the precursors to vitamin A in the animal organisms are willingly used in very different medical applications. The article describes the current state of knowledge regarding the types and quantities of carotenoids in vegetables, the advancement of knowledge of their metabolic impact, their possible applications in medicine, as well as the desired directions for further research. Also, the scope of their industrial use and the prospects of carotenoids’ market development are included. This work is carried out in the framework of the COST Action – EUROCAROTEN CA15136, with the aim of the exchange and development of knowledge between European researchers working on carotenoids.
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