A study has been completed on the effect caused by different doses of the herbicide ROUNDUP 360 SL (active substance – glyphosate) in lake water which differed in reaction (pH: 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0) on fluctuations in counts of several bacteria (TVC 22°C and TVC 37°C, Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, coliform group bacteria) and fungi during 28-day-long exposure of samples to temperature of 20°C. All the assayed groups of bacteria changed their counts during the 28 days of the experiment. The modifications were correlated to rates of the herbicide applied, pH of the environment and time of exposure. TVC 22°C and TVC 37°C degraded the herbicide most intensively after 7 days at the concentration of the active substance 0.005 μg dm-3 and after 21 days at 5000 μg dm-3 in lake water of the pH 7.0 and 8.0. Bacteria belonging to the genus Aeromonas responded in a similar way, whereas those of the genus Pseudomonas were less active. The widest range of quantitative changes was observed in the case of coliform bacteria, which reached the maximum number after 7 days of exposure. Fungi degraded the herbicide ROUNDUP 360 SL after 21 days of sample exposure, using it as a nutrient substrate. The most intensive degradation occurred in water of the pH 7.0 and 8.0.