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The new discharge measurement system called Qliner has been applied for discharge measurement in a small river. The results of test investigation have been compared with discharge measurement done with Nautilus 2000 equipment (electromagnetic fl ow sensor). Additionally, the infl uence of so called edge factor on velocity and discharge calculation has been discussed.
Tendencies in variability of phosphorus and nitrogen forms in neighbour Zagożdżonka and Zwoleńka Rivers. The paper present the results of chosen water quality indicators in two neighbour catchments: Zagożdżonka and Zwoleńka Rivers. Despite of the agricultural as a main land manages, the point source pollution seems to play important rule in phosphorus and nitrogen concentration for both rivers. In case of Zagożdżonka River, the phosphorus concentration in outlet to the tributary suggest increasing of water quality, however the concentration of nitrates remains at almost the same level during years. In case of Zwoleńka River, the opposite relation has been notice for phosphorus concentration and similar tendencies in case of nitrate. The comparison of characteristic concentration for chosen sampling points indicates the relation between upper part of Zwoleńka and Zagożdżonka River.
Water erosion causes migration of the finest soil particles and chemical compounds. The paper attempts to compare the mechanical composition of sediments susceptible to water erosion on the hillslopes with different cover crops. The research was conducted on the experimental plots in Puczniew. Its results showed that the composition of the sediment washed out from the fallow land significantly differed from that washed out from the plots with grass and barley crops. In the case of fallow land, soil particles were markedly larger. This might indicate the existence of a very hard mineral fraction.
‘Water Framework Directive’ stresses the maintaining of good ecological status of water ecosystems as well as holistic approach to water resources management. The aim of the study was to determine the possibilities of joint management measures of ecological and hydrological management of two small lowland river catchments: Zagożdżonka and Zwoleńka rivers, located in central Poland. Both are natural rivers, with lots of meanders and abounding biodiversity of extensive agriculture and forest areas. The field investigations were carried out to describe the habitat preferences of amphibians in two analyzed river catchments and to record the hydrological values of the catchments. During considered period the hydrological condition were above average (more wet) in a sense of rainfall and runoff. During the whole observation period nine amphibian species were recorded: Rana esculenta complex, R. temporaria, R. arvalis, Bufo bufo, Hyla arborea, Pelobates fuscus, Triturus vulgaris, Bombina bombina and Triturus cristatus. The most important species occurring in investigated catchments, listed in II Annex to Habitat Directive that require protection inside Natura 2000 sites are Triturus cristatus and Bombina bombina.
In this paper, the results of dissolved phosphorus and total phosphorus concentration during three research period of year 1991–2008 in upper part of Zagożdżonka River has been presented. The results concern two gauging: Czarna and Płachty Stare. The maximum observed concentration of dissolved phosphorus reached 1.95 mg PO4/l and total phosphorus 5.78 mg P/l. The decrease of concentration has been between researches periods has been noticed. Based on month average concentrations, the maximum and minimum concentrations periods have been described.
Evaluation of selected characteristics of quantitative and qualitative periods without floods in the Zagożdżonka River. The paper presents the results of evaluation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of periods without floods, separated on the daily flow data at the Czarna gauging station in agricultural the Zagożdżonka River catchment. Qualitative analysis concerned the value of phosphorus and nitrogen loads. During investigated period (1991–2009), streamfl ow droughts occurs only in summer time. The lowest concentration of nitrate has been notices during summer month and the lowest concentration of phosphate during winter months. The highest daily average loads of nitrates and phosphate has been noticed during winter time and the lowest for a low flow periods.
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Celem pracy było określenie możliwości zastosowania instrumentalnego pomiaru granulometrycznego do kontroli gładkości jogurtu naturalnego. Materiał do badań stanowiły próbki jogurtów naturalnych zakupionych w sieci handlu detalicznego, pochodzących od różnych producentów. Badania ogólnej jakości sensorycznej, w tym cech tekstury jogurtów, przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem metody ilościowej analizy opisowej. Do pomiaru rozkładu wielkości cząstek stałych w badanych układach emulsyjnych zastosowano urządzenie Mastersizer MicroPlus. Na podstawie wstępnych wyników badań potwierdzono przydatność tego urządzenia do oceny gładkości jogurtów.
Thermal and snowy conditions in Zagożdżonka River catchment during hydrological years 2003–2013 and winter floods are presented in paper. The meteorological and hydrological data, such as maximum, minimum, mean diurnal air temperatures, daily snow cover depth, and water discharge, collected at Czarna station (WULS-SGGW) have been used. Meteorological conditions were analyzed using indexes proposed by Paczos. Temperate cold and extraordinarily low snowy winters has dominated in Zagożdżonka catchment in presented period of time. Winter floods as a result of snowmelt have been observed almost each year, except 2008 when winter was mild and extremely low snowy. The relation between winter severity index (WOz) and winter snowiness index (WSn) has been estimated, as well as the relation between winter snowiness index and maximum discharge (Qmax).
In this paper, two rural catchment- the Zagożdżonka catchment in Poland and the Skuterud catchment in Aas, Akershus county in Norway are compared. In addition to the general description, more in particular information, runoff, NO3 load, P-PO4 load, total phosphorus and total nitrogen concentrations in streams are compared. The data compared are from 1993 to 1995 in Zagożdżonka catchment and from 1994- 1996 from Skuterud catchment. The average concentration of N-NO3 in Zagożdżonka River in the period was 0.85 mg•1-1 and the mean concentration of P-PO4 was 0.13 mg•l-1. In the stream in Skuterud catchment the average concentration of N-NO3 was 4.95 mg•1-1 and the mean concentration of P-PO4 was 0.04 mg•l-1. For both catchments the same data were also compared for the 2008. In Skuterud catchment the highest concentration of nutrients occurred in November, March and April, which was connected to the higher runoff from agricultural areas during the snowmelt period. In Zagożdżonka catchment the highest concentration of nutrients was noted in March, April and in summer time, which was connected to periods with high amounts of precipitation. Comparison of the two rural catchments showed many differences in applied measurement methods for water sampling, water measurement, discharge measurement, runoff amounts and management practices, which had an effect on results of monitoring program. The compared data can be useful to predict the development of future environmental conditions for example water quality. It can also be useful for predict how nutrient runoff will be in future. What is more the different conditions for runoff in Skuterud and Zagożdżonka then different measures are needed.
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