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Yeast-like fungi isolated in students

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The occurrence of yeast-like fungi in the most important infection portals of the respiratory system in 200 randomly chosen students of biology and veterinary medicine was examined. The students come into direct contact with plants and animals that may be colonised by fungi belonging to various systematic groups. nine species of yeast-like fungi, including 7 species determined in the biologists, were recorded in the subjects. Candida tropicalisand C.albicanswere the most frequently isolated fungi. The greatest number of fungi was isolated from the oral cavity (124 isolates), fewer from the throat (79 isolates), and the smallest number from the nose (8 isolates). Fungi occurred more frequently in autumn and slightly less frequently in spring, and were isolated more frequently from women than from men.
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Prof. dr hab. Maria Dynowska, Full Professor

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School buildings typically serve a number of functions simultaneously, owing to which they seem to be especially exposed to the expansion of fungi with wide enzymatic capabilities, including fungi of the genus Penicillium. In total, 34 isolates belonging to 20 species were obtained within two schools. The most frequently isolated species included: Penicillium chrysogenum, P. waksmanii, and P. citrinum. Over 65% more fungi were isolated in the heating season than when the heating was off. This period was also characterized by an almost threefold greater taxonomic spectrum. Especially in the heating season, the prevalence and species spectrum of the fungi of the Penicillium genus in school buildings should be constantly monitored due to their environmental plasticity as well as toxigenic, allergenic and antibiotic properties.
The aim of our study was to determine species biodiversity of yeasts and yeast-like fungi in the stratum of surface water of Lake Tyrsko, as well as to evaluate the condition of waters of that lake based on the isolated species of fungi. The study was carried out from June 2007 to June 2008. The isolation and determination of the number of fungal colonies were conducted with the use of the membrane filter method. Fungal diagnostics were conducted based on the morphological and biochemical characteristics of the fungi. These characteristics were additionally used for taxonomic identification. In the course of the study we isolated 56 species of yeasts and yeast-like fungi belonging to 26 genera, with the predominating genus being Kluyveromyces (13 species), followed by less frequent genera: Candida (8 species), and Debaryomyces (7 species). The highest number of isolates were obtained in the spring (51), fewer in the summer (36), and the lowest in autumn (15). Species indicatory of the self-purifying process of the water examined were frequently isolated (Debaryomyces hansenii, Pichia membranifaciens). Results obtained in the study confirm suggestions of other authors that yeasts and yeast-like fungi may be useful as indicatory organisms showing the extent and character of water contamination and as bioindicators of sanitary and hygienic evaluation of water.
Undertaken studies on diversity and prevalence of yeast-like fungi aimed at presenting the role of a hydrophyte treatment plant in cleaning municipal wastewater from potentially pathogenic fungi. One hundred and six isolates of fungi were obtained. The highest diversity of species was found in the sedimentation tank and in I and II reed beds. The dominating species were: Trichosporon beigelii, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida dubliniensis, Candida krusei, Candida utilis and Candida lipolytica – isolated also from hospitalized patients. The number of fungal cells decreased progressively from uncountable in the sedimentation tank to 2,060 cfu/dm³ in the polishing pond. Reduction of the number and changes in species composition of yeasts like fungi take place in the hydrophyte treatment plants.
A high incidence of ample diseases with a complicated etiology, including mycoses of various origins, determine the implementation of unconventional methods, including hirudotherapy, to their treatment. The study was aimed at assessing the mycological purity of medical leech body covers, their jaws and gastrointestinal systems – oesophagus, middle and posterior intestines, and the purity of water from an aquarium they were kept in. The experimental material were 20 European medical leeches (Hirudo medicinalis) and water originating from their breeding. Fungi were obtained according to our own procedures and mycological diagnostics was conducted following standard procedures applied in mycological laboratories. In total, 22 species of fungi belonging to 13 genera were isolated. The material studied was found to contain fungi classified as potential pathogens: Candida albicans, Candida guilliermondii, Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis, as well as numerous saprotrophs with a decreased pathogenicity potential. In view of the results obtained in this study, and a prospective application of hirudotherapy, a question may arise as to whether sterility of cultures and health status of leeches are sufficient and safe for patients. Isolation of a relatively high number of fungi considered pathogenic from leeches poses a potential hazard for people who could have contact with non-sterile therapeutic material, which in this case leeches are.
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Grzyby chorobotworcze o wzrastajacej ekspansywnosci

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This paper compared occurrence and intenseness of growth C. glabrata, S. capsularis and T. beigelii isolated from sputum, material's bronchoscopic, oral cavity, skin and catheters during 10 years observation ( 1991-2000). All investigated fungi from 1997 years have been characteristic very distinct rise expansiveness appeared in mare intenseness of growth and growing rate of replace new ontocenoses. Most likely is this consequence successive of decrease immunity of man organism about infections yeast-like fungi.
The study is part of hydromycological investigations of man-affected water bodies in Olsztyn. Our results show that yeast-like fungi are permanent components in three selected lakes (lakes Tursko, Długie and Skanda). Their abundance and species composition depend on the trophic state of each lake.
The objective of this research was to determine the species composition of school rooms of various functionalities, the selection of typical species, and the development of assumptions of school environment monitoring. Out of the 151 species identified in the studied school rooms, 52 were grown at a temperature above 25ºC, which constituted 34.4%. Seven species were isolated by incubating the samples at 40ºC, yet it was indispensable only for Acremonium alabamense. Thermophilic fungi constituted 55.3% of the species with the above-indicated Bio-Safety Level status. Out of the identified fungi, one was classified to bio-safety class (Blastomyces dermatitidis), whereas 22 species were claccified as BSL2 (most were: Aspergillus funigatus, A. flavus, A. terreus) and 61 species to class 1. So far, investigations of the indoor bio-aerosol of rooms in this part of Europe have not demonstrated such a wide species spectrum of fungi, as is the case in this study.
Przedstawiono zróżnicowanie taksonomiczne i ekologiczne porostów epifitycznych parku przypałacowego w Opinogórze Górnej. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań odnotowano 59 gatunków, wśród których 7 objętych jest w Polsce ochroną, a 17 ma status zagrożonych wymarciem. Największe zróżnicowanie taksonów stwierdzono na korze klonów, jesionów, jabłoni, dębów i grabów. Biota porostów parku charakteryzuje się znacznym udziałem gatunków notowanych zazwyczaj na obszarach leśnych, z których najbardziej interesującymi są: rzędnica pospolita Acrocordia gemmata, kropnica żółtawa Bacidia rubella, trzonecznica zielonawa Chaenotheca phaeocephala, ochrost pyszny Ochrolechia bahusiensis i pismaczek zmienny Opegrapha varia. Na terenie parku stwierdzono ponadto kilka dość rzadkich i wymierających w skali kraju gatunków, charakterystycznych dla drzew przydrożnych: obrostnicę rzęsowatą Anaptychia ciliaris, soreńca dachówkowatego Physconia perisidiosa, wabnicę kielichowatą Pleurosticta acetabulum i odnożycę jesionową Ramalina fraxinea. Uzyskane wyniki stanowią przyczynek do poznania rozmieszczenia porostów na obszarze północnego Mazowsza oraz źródło danych o warunkach bioekologicznych gminy Opinogóra Górna.
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