Ograniczanie wyników

Czasopisma help
Autorzy help
Lata help
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 65

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 4 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 4 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
The content of Ca, P, K, Na, Mg, and Beta-Carotene in Rescue Grass, Cocks-foot-grass, and in Italian Ryegrass at three growth stages: before heading /height of plants - 30-40 cm/, at the beginning of heading, and at the beginning of flowering was given. It was found out that the content of phosphorus and potassium decreased in all grasses in the course of the vegetation. There were no such regularities in the content of Ca, Na, and Mg. In regrowths /the second and the third one/ grasses of later haymaking contained more sodium and magnesium, and the content of Ca in grasses in the course of the vegetation increased /II haymaking/ or decreased /III haymaking/. Among grasses Cocksfoot-grass contained the greatest amount of P, K and Mg, Rescue Grass had the smallest amount of Na and Mg, and Italian Ryegrass was characterized by the highest level of Ca and Na. The first swathes of grasses, gathered at the beginning of flowering contained 29% less of Beta-Carotene than before heading /the height of plants - 30-40 cm/. Rescue Grass and Cocksfoot-grass were richer in Beta- -Carotene than Italian Ryegrass.
During three years of experiments the crops and chemical composition of brome grass, cocksfoot-grass and Italian rye-grass were tested - before heading /30-40 cm/, at the beginning of heading and at the beginning of flowering. The teras of harvesting effected the grass crop, the chemical composition and the nutritive value of green forage. The best crop was moved at the beginning of heading. During grass vegetation in spring the protein and sugar content of green forage was reduced while the fibre, ADF and lignin /grass of 30-40 cm/ content was growing. The variations of grass chemical composition of the second and the third growth were not very distinct. The heading was the best term of the first grass harvesting.
In three - year experiments, carried out on the laboratory scale, Bromus unioloides, Dactylis glomerata and Lolium multiflorum suitability for silage was stated before ear formation /the plants being 30-40 cm high/ as well as at the beginning of ear formation and florescence. It was recorded that as the vegetation advanced the ratio of suluble sugars to proteins increased in grasses whereas the ratio of sugars to the buffer capacity decreased. When preserving grasses harvested at a later date more lactic acid and less acetic and butyric acids were formed and the quality of thsse silages was better. Lolium multiflorum was the best for silage in three - litre jars whereas Bromus unioloides and Dactylis glomerata should not be used for silage when fresh but after previous wilting on swaths to about 30-38% of dry substance. The best time for harvesting of Bromus unioloides, Dactylis glomerata and Lolium multiflorum for silage is the time of ear formation as the green forage ensilaged at the beginning of florescence had insufficient for cattle arnount of protein, phosphorus, magnesium and sodium and too high level of crude fibre.
Grass from field cultivation /Bromus unioloides, Dactylis glomerat'a and Lolium multiflorum/, wilted after mowing, was ensilaged at three development stages: prior to earing /the height of grass 30-40 cm/, at the outset of earing and at the beginning of blooming. The authors described the chemical components and the quality of ensilage, the digestibility of the nutrients of the fodder in sheep and the retention of nitrogen in these animals. Grass ensilaged at the beginning of blooming contained a level of raw fibres too high for cattle and was characterized by a low digestibility and energy concentration. The daily retention of nitrogen in organisms of sheep fed with silaged grass at the beginning of blooming was several times lower than the retention obtained when ensilaged younger grass was fed and amonted from 0,41 g /Dactylis glomerata/ to 2,33 g /Lolium multiflorum/.
Lolium perenne is unique in its advantageous chemical composition, considerable palatability and high digestibility. This high assessment is also corroborated by Polish investigations. Moreover, this evaluation is the result of high energetic value of forage obtained from Lolium perenne plantations. It is possible to obtain high quality ryegrass sward in Polish climatic and soil conditions, provided appropriate treatment of grasslands is assured, in particular, its proper utilization. It must be remembered that this grass is susceptible to thermal and water stresses, which may not only modify plant chemical composition but also decrease its persistence. Therefore, the utilization of this grass in Poland for animal nutrition is determined not only by its chemical properties but also by plant persistence and, associated with it, risk of its cultivation.
On the basis of reference review here the most important problems concerning the modern technologies of forage conservation are discussed. Also, here the basal actions such as preparing, storage (chopping, pressing, silo tightness and aerobic stability of silages) as well as factors affected the usefulness of plants for ensiling (species, vegetation's stage, nitrogenous fertilising) and the procedures that facilitated their conservation (prewilting, chemical additives, inoculants) are characterised. Also here the advantages and disadvantages of the modern silages production systems using high-press techniques are presented. At least the examples of using of these feeds in cattle feeding are showed.
Porównywano wartość pokarmową, jakość i rozkład żwaczowy kiszonek z mieszanki tetraploidalnych odmian koniczyny łąkowej i życicy wielokwiatowej sporządzonych po przewiędnięciu oraz w formie świeżej z wykorzystaniem trzech dodatków bakteryjnych: Lactacelu L (bakterie kwasu mlekowego i kompleks enzymów), Lactomiksu (bakterie kwasu mlekowego) i Lactosilu (bakterie kwasu mlekowego produkujące enzymy celulolityczne). W porównaniu do kiszonki z zielonki przewiędniętej i sporządzonej z stosowaniem inokulantu bez enzymów, kiszonki z dodatkami preparatów bakteryjno-enzymatycznych zawierały niższe poziomy włókna surowego oraz frakcji NDF i ADF. W paszach tych więcej było związków bezazotowych wyciągowych i cukrów rozpuszczalnych w wodzie. Wyższa była również strawność masy organicznej I koncentracja energii tych kiszonek. Niezależnie od stosowanej metody jakość kiszonek była dobra lub bardzo dobra. W porównaniu do metody wstępnego przewiędnięcia przed zakiszaniem, stosowanie dodatków bakteryjnych do konserwacji świeżego materiału obniżyło straty związków białkowych w czasie fermentacji kiszonkarskiej. Nie zanotowano większego wpływu badanych metod konserwacji na tempo żwaczowej degradacji masy organicznej i białka ogólnego.
The experiment was conducted in three oxen about 350 kg BW in Latin square design. The basic diet consisted of barley grain, meadow hay and mineral mixture. The diets were supplemented with avoparcin and Zn-bacitracin of 20 and 35 mg per kg of the ration (DM basis), respectively. The preliminary period lasted 30 days for each cycle of in situ measurements. The Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cu, Zn content was estimated in the feed samples (rye grain, wheat grain, barley grain, peas seed, horse bean and soyabean meal) and in bag-residues. The ranking of mineral release in animals fed without any antibiotics was as follows: K (98,4%) > Mg (92,2) > Na (89,6) > Cu (86,6) > Zn (72,7) > Ca (20,1) and in animals fed with antibiotics the ranking, except of Na was similar: K (99,4) > Na (97,6) > Mg (94,0) > Cu (91,9) > Zn (75,0) > Ca (3,4) and: K (99,5) > Na (98,4) > Mg (93,4) > Cu (90,9) > Zn (65,3) > Ca (11,87) for avoparcin and Zn-bacitracin, respectively.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 4 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.