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Stellate ganglion (ganglion cervicothoracicum s. ganglion stellatum) is a part of pars cervical sympathica. Investigations were carry out on fetuses of 16 dogs of the American Staffordshire Terrier (AST) breed, 7 of which were the male and 9 female. The fetuses were taken out from 10 uteruses on the 62nd day of pregnancy. The examination was carried out with a magnifying glass (magnification 1.55.0×) and a stereoscopic microscope. During the preparation, in order to better perceive the anatomical structures, 0.5-2% acetic acid was used. The measurements were taken with an electronic slide caliper to the nearest 0.1 mm. For the investigations methods used in topographical anatomy were applied: i.e. holotopy and sceletotopy. According to our research stellate ganglion of dogs is located in the section between C5-8 and Th1-3. It occurs in the aftermath of a combination of 3 or 4 ganglion: inferior cervical ganglion, first thoracic ganglion, two thoracic ganglion, or tree thoracic ganglion. It is characterized by different location, form, morphometry in relation to sex and body side. Nervous branches spread out of stellate ganglion have also been characterized.
The cervicothoracic or stellate ganglion belongs to the cervical part of sympa­thetic system. In animals it is formed by the combination of the caudal cervical ganglion with the first and often second thoracic ganglion. The study was conducted on 20 newborn Persian cats [7 males and 13 females] coming from the 58th day of gestation. The research has shown that the cervicothoracic ganglion is formed from the fusion of three or four gan­glia: the caudal cervical ganglion [GCca], first thoracic ganglion [GThl], second thoracic ganglion [GTh2], third thoracic ganglion [GTh3]. It is situated in C7-8 -Th1-3 segment. It is characterized by variable location relative to the cervical and thoracic segment of the vertebral column [skeletotopy] and various shape [oval, oblong, triangular, oblong with a distinct narrowing]. The morphometry of the examined cervicothoracic ganglion proved that the longest cervicothoracic ganglion is found on the left side in females [= 3.016 mm], the shortest on the right side also in females [= 2.790 mm]. The widest ganglion is found in males on the right side [ = 1.758 mm], the narrowest in females on the left side [= 1.418 mm].
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