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1
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The predator Aegopinella nitidula (Draparnaud, 1805) and its prey Perforatella bidentata (Gmelin, 1791) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)

100%
Myzyk S.
Folia Malacologica
|
2014
|
tom 22
|
nr 3
The predatory snail Aegopinella nitidula (Drap.) (Zonitidae) can perforate a rather thick shell and extract from it even a strongly contracted snail body. Numerous empty shells of Perforatella bidentata (Gmel.) with a characteristic hole, found in the wild, indicate that this sp ecies often falls a prey to Ae. nitidula.
2
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Egg structure of some vertiginid species (Gastropoda: pulmonata: Vertiginidae)

100%
Myzyk S.
Folia Malacologica
|
2005
|
tom 13
|
nr 4
Eggs of species of the genus Vertigo: angustior, antivertigo, moulinsiana, pusilla, pygmaea, ronnebyensis and substriata are flattened-sphaerical (lenticular), gelatinous and nearly colourless. The eggs of V. angustior, V. pygmaea and V. moulinsiana have 3 envelopes: external, gelatinous and internal. In V. angustior the external envelope bears sparse granules while in V. moulinsiana and V. pygmaea it is smooth. The eggs of V. antivertigo, V. pusilla, V. ronnebyensis and V. substriata are additionally surrounded with a mucus cover of variable thickness and density. The mean egg size (diameter in mm) is: pygmaea – 0.54, angustior – 0.59, pusilla – 0.63, substriata – 0.64, antivertigo – 0.65, ronnebyensis – 0.70, moulinsiana – 0.74. The smallest egg (0.42 mm) was laid by V. pygmaea, the largest (0.87 mm) by V. moulinsiana. Eggs of Truncatellina cylindrica are spherical or slightly oval, with a strongly calcified external envelope, and are 0.52-0.58 mm in diameter. Eggs of Columella edentula are probably calcified, flattened-oval, 0.64-0.66 × 0.69-0.71 mm, with their external envelope rugose.
3
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Life cycle of Anisus vorticulus (Troschel, 1834) (Gastropoda: pulmonata: planorbidae) in the laboratory

100%
Myzyk S.
Folia Malacologica
|
2008
|
tom 16
|
nr 4
Laboratory culture of 2004–2007 provided the following data on the life cycle of Anisus vorticulus (Troschel). Snails hatched in May–June and kept in pairs usually started reproducing 42–114 days after hatching, at the shell width of 3.0–5.2 mm and 3.75–5.1 whorls. Some of them continued reproduction next spring. Snails hatched in July-August and kept in pairs produced their first cocoons next year. In the year of hatching the snails produced their last cocoons till October, next year – usually till August. During their lifetime snails kept in pairs produced a maximum of 122 cocoons with a total of 511 eggs (per snail), and the number of eggs per cocoon ranged from 0 to 9. Snails kept in isolation produced a maximum of 10 cocoons (most without eggs, the remaining ones with eggs devoid of oocytes). The life span was 68–776 days (mean 423).
4
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Life cycle of Valvata macrostoma Mörch, 1864 (Gastropoda: heterobranchia) in the laboratory

100%
Myzyk S.
Folia Malacologica
|
2004
|
tom 12
|
nr 3
Laboratory culture in 1994–1999 provided the following data on the life cycle of Valvata macrostoma Mörch: in favourable food conditions female maturity is attained in 60–250 days (mean: 108) at shell diameter 2.40–3.30 mm (rarely more: up to 4.10) and 2.50–3.00 whorls (rarely up to 3.37); in unfavourable conditions the snails mature later, at a somewhat smaller shell size. Snails kept in pairs/groups produce a maximum of 166 cocoons during their lifetime; the cocoons contain a total of up to 1,436 eggs, the number of eggs per cocoon ranging from 0 to 25 (rarely up to 34). Snails kept singly deposit few cocoons and eggs; and the eggs fail to develop. The average life span in favourable food conditions is 383 days, in unfavourable conditions 706 days (maximum 1,192 days). The mean shell size attained in favourable conditions is: diameter 4.46 mm, 3.46 whorls; in unfavourable conditions: diameter 3.65 mm, 3.09 whorls. Mortality of adult snails in laboratory shows a clear seasonal variation, with maximum in June and July.
5
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Contribution to the biology of ten vertiginid species

100%
Myzyk S.
Folia Malacologica
|
2011
|
tom 19
|
nr 2
Laboratory and field observations on Vertigo angustior Jeffreys, V. antivertigo (Draparnaud), V. moulinsiana (Dupuy), V. pusilla O. F. Müller, V. pygmaea (Draparnaud), V. ronnebyensis (Westerlund), V. substriata (Jeffreys), Truncatellina cylindrica (Férussac), Columella aspera Waldén and C. edentula (Draparnaud) provided new information on their life cycle. Genus Vertigo: the life span is 1–3 years, with most snails dying in the next year after hatching. The reproductive season lasts from half of May till the beginning of September; depending on the life span eggs are laid during 1–3 seasons. The number of eggs per lifetime varies widely, the maximum numbers are 55–79 in V. moulinsiana, pygmaea and ronnebyensis, 102–120 in V. angustior, pusilla and substriata and 218 in V. antivertigo. Most eggs are laid at the stage of one cell (even oocyte II), but in some the advancement of development indicates retention of 1–3 days. Hatching usually starts in the second half of June and lasts till the second half of September. Only some of the snails reach maturity in the year of hatching, usually after the reproductive season. Genus Truncatellina: in the wild the life span of most individuals is about one year, some live till the age of about two years. Eggs are laid from half of June till the end of August (in laboratory maximum 11 eggs); hatching takes place from July till the end of September. Genus Columella: in the laboratory C. aspera lays eggs from half of May till the beginning of September (maximum 5 eggs); hatching starts at half of June and continues till the end of September. C. edentula in the laboratory lays eggs at half of April, and juveniles hatch at the end of May and beginning of June.
6
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A new locality of two rare vertiginid species (Gastropoda: pulmonata: Vertiginidae) in NW Poland

100%
Myzyk S.
Folia Malacologica
|
2004
|
tom 12
|
nr 2
Seven species of Vertigo were found during a malacological survey of the neighbourhood of S¹polno (central part of Pomeranian Lakeland, NW Poland); three of them are rare in Poland: V. moulinsiana (Dupuy, 1849), V. ronnebyensis (Westerlund, 1871) and V. angustior Jeffreys, 1830. The UTM grid coordinates of the site are XV 56.
7
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On the reproduction of Pisidium C. Pfeiffer, 1821 (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae) from Sąpolno (NW. Poland)

100%
Myzyk S.
Folia Malacologica
|
2017
|
tom 25
|
nr 3
8
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Life cycle of Valvata piscinalis (O.F. Muller, 1774) (Gastropoda: heterobranchia) in the laboratory

100%
Myzyk S.
Folia Malacologica
|
2007
|
tom 15
|
nr 4
Laboratory and field observations in 1994–2004 made it possible to ascertain the following parameters of life cycle of Valvata piscinalis (O. F. Müller, 1774). In favourable food conditions (filamentous diatoms) female maturity was attained in 42–85 days from hatching (mean 59 days) at the body whorl diameter of 3.45–4.65 mm (mean 4.10 mm) and the number of whorls 3.25–3.75 (mean 3.53). In slightly less favourable food conditions (periphyton) the maturity was attained later at a somewhat lower mean shell size. The number of cocoons and eggs produced during lifetime by snails kept in pairs was 18–113 and 387–2,862, respectively; the number of eggs per cocoon ranged from 0 to 76. Among singly kept snails only half laid cocoons (maximum 7 cocoons/6 eggs during lifetime), and the eggs failed to develop. The mean life span of snails fed mainly with periphyton was ca. 1 year (maximum 641 days); it was distinctly shorter in snails fed with filamentous diatoms (usually 5–7 months, rarely more than 11 months). In very unfavourable food conditions (small quantities of periphyton) female maturity was attained only after 1–2 years and the life span was not much longer: maximum 830 days. In natural conditions (lake Sosnowe near Sąpolno) reproduction started in the second half of April and lasted till half of July; the cocoons contained 10–37 eggs.
9
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Reproduction of Pisidium casertanum, P. globulare and P. ponderosum - comparison

100%
Myzyk S.
Folia Malacologica
|
2012
|
tom 20
|
nr 1
10
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Life cycle of Valvata cristata O.F.Muller, 1774 (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) in the laboratory

100%
Myzyk S.
Folia Malacologica
|
2002
|
tom 10
|
nr 2
Laboratory studies in 1991–2001, supplemented with observations in natural habitat, made it possible to establish the following characteristics of the life cycle of Valvata cristata O. F. Müll.: female maturity at shell diameter of 2.05–2.95 mm, number of whorls 2.375–3, 55–533 days from hatching, depending mainly on food conditions. Mean life span in good food conditions 377 days, in bad food conditions 896 days (maximum 1,170 days). Snails kept in pairs deposited a mean number of 51 cocoons per lifetime (maximum 105), with a total of 134 eggs (maximum 353); the number of eggs per cocoon ranged from 0 to 10, rarely more than 16 (mean 2.6). Depending on life span there were 1–3 reproductive seasons. Of 20 adult snails kept singly, only one laid eggs which hatched. The mean maximum shell size for snails kept in pairs: 3.28 mm, 3.125 whorls, for snails kept singly: 3.93 mm, 3.375 whorls (maximum 4.70 mm, 3.750 whorls). Snails with shells of strongly descending whorls were almost always infected with trematode larvae located in their gonads. Snails infected when young never reached female maturity.
11
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Malacofauna of the Brda River valley near Sapolno

44%
Myzyk S.
Folia Malacologica
|
2000
|
tom 08
|
nr 4
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