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1

The plantaris muscle - rare relations to the neurovascular bundle in the popliteal fossa

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Olewnik L., Podgorski M., Polguj M., Topol M.
Folia Morphologica
|
2018
|
tom 77
|
nr 4
The plantaris muscle is characterised by morphological variability, both for origin and insertion, and may sometimes be absent. Its strength allows the ligament to be used for reconstruction of other tendons and ligaments. This report presents the rare placements and course of the plantaris muscle in relation to the neurovascular bundle. In this case, the hypertrophy of this muscle might cause pressure on the tibial nerve and produce symptoms similar to sciatica. (Folia Morphol 2018; 77, 4: 785–788)
2

The report on the co-occurrence of two different rare anatomic variations of the plantaris muscle tendon on both sides of an individual

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Olewnik L., Wysiadecki G., Polguj M., Topol M.
Folia Morphologica
|
2017
|
tom 76
|
nr 2
The plantaris muscle usually begins with a short and small muscle belly on the popliteal surface of the femur and on the knee joint capsule. It continues distally to form a long and thin tendon typically fixed to the calcaneal tuberosity. However, the course and the insertion of the plantaris muscle is variable, which may influence the development of Achilles tendinopathy. The plantaris tendon may also be used for reconstruction of tendons and ligaments, such as talofibular and calcaneofibular ligament. In literature review no data concerning the co-occurrence of anatomic variations of the plantaris muscle tendon in different individuals has been found. This report presents a rare variant of the plantaris muscle insertion into the deep crural fascia on the left leg and absence of the plantaris muscle on the right leg of the same individual. (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 2: 331–333)
3

An unusual insertion of an accessory band of the semitendinosus tendon: case report and review of the literature

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Olewnik L., Podgorski M., Polguj M.
Folia Morphologica
|
2020
|
tom 79
|
nr 1
4

Types of coeliac trunk branching including accessory hepatic arteries: a new point of view based on cadaveric study

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Olewnik L., Wysiadecki G., Polguj M., Wasniewska A., Jankowski M., Topol M.
Folia Morphologica
|
2017
|
tom 76
|
nr 4
Background: The coeliac trunk (CT) is major visceral branch of the abdominal aorta. Familiarity with anatomic variations of the CT is relevant for planning radiological and surgical procedures. The aim of our research was determining variations of the CT, including the occurrence of accessory hepatic arteries (AHA). Materials and methods: Forty cadavers were studied. Six patterns of CT branching were observed in this study. AHA were observed in 7 (17.5%) specimens. The most prevalent variation was normal trifurcation, accounting for 62.5% of cases. The rarest variation was absence of the CT, with an incidence of 2.5%. In this variant the left gastric artery, the common hepatic artery, and the splenic artery branched directly off the abdominal aorta. Results: The study material allowed to distinguish two CT branching patterns which, to the best of our knowledge, have not been reported before. It was a type with four branches originating from the CT: the left gastric artery, the common hepatic artery, the splenic artery, and right AHA. The other previously unreported pattern variant was the CT which gave off three branches: the common hepatic artery, the splenic artery and right AHA. Conclusions: The average distance between the aortic hiatus and the coeliac trunk calculated for all the cadavers amounted to 54 ± 11.85 mm. The average distance between the CT and the superior mesenteric artery was 11.1 ± 7.7 mm. (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 4: 660–667)
5

A morphological study of the medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries: a proposed new classification

76%
Labetowicz P., Olewnik L., Podgorski M., Majos M., Stefanczyk L., Topol M., Polguj M.
Folia Morphologica
|
2019
|
tom 78
|
nr 4
Background: Confirming the branching pattern of the deep femoral artery (DFA) is vital in planning radiological and surgical procedures involving the medial circumflex femoral artery (MFCA) and the lateral circumflex artery (LFCA). The aim of this study was to characterise the course and morphology of branches of the DFA. Materials and methods: The anatomical dissection included 80 lower limbs which were fixed in 10% formalin solution. A dissection of the femoral region was carried out according to a pre-established protocol, using traditional techniques. Morphometric measurements were obtained twice by two researchers. Results: Six types of medial and lateral femoral circumflex artery variations were distinguished. In type I, the DFA divides into the MFCA and the LFCA (observed in 45% of cases). In type II, the MFCA is absent and the LFCA origin normally from the DFA (18.75%). In type III, the MFCA arises from the femoral artery above the origin of the DFA, while the LFCA starts from the DFA (15%). Finally, in type IV, the LFCA arises from the femoral artery above the origin of the DFA, while the MFCA starts from the DFA (10%). In type V, the LFCA origin alone from the femoral artery below the origin of the DFA, while the MFCA origin from the DFA (7.5%), while in type VI (3.75%), both the MFCA and the LFCA origin from the femoral artery. The mean diameter of the femoral artery at the level of the DFA origin was greatest in type 2 (10.62 ± 2.07 mm) and the least in type 6 (7.90 ± 1.72 mm; p = 0.0317). The distance from inguinal ligament to where the DFA arose was the greatest in type 6 (78.24 ± 29.74 mm) and least in type 5 (28.85 ± 11.72 mm; p = 0.0529). Conclusions: The medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries were characterised by high morphological variations. The diameter of the femoral artery at the level of inguinal ligament correlated with the diameter of the DFA and distance to where the DFA arises from femoral artery. (Folia Morphol 2019; 78, 4: 738–745)
6

Anatomical variations of the abductor pollicis longus: a pilot study

76%
Karauda P., Olewnik L., Podgorski M., Polguj M., Ruzik K., Szewczyk B., Topol M.
Folia Morphologica
|
2020
|
tom 79
|
nr 4
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