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Oxygenic photosynthesis: translation to solar fuel technologies

100%
Olmos J. D. J., Kargul J.
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
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2014
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tom 83
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nr 4
Mitigation of man-made climate change, rapid depletion of readily available fossil fuel reserves and facing the growing energy demand that faces mankind in the near future drive the rapid development of economically viable, renewable energy production technologies. It is very likely that greenhouse gas emissions will lead to the significant climate change over the next fifty years. World energy consumption has doubled over the last twenty-five years, and is expected to double again in the next quarter of the 21st century. Our biosphere is at the verge of a severe energy crisis that can no longer be overlooked. Solar radiation represents the most abundant source of clean, renewable energy that is readily available for conversion to solar fuels. Developing clean technologies that utilize practically inexhaustible solar energy that reaches our planet and convert it into the high energy density solar fuels provides an attractive solution to resolving the global energy crisis that mankind faces in the not too distant future. Nature’s oxygenic photosynthesis is the most fundamental process that has sustained life on Earth for more than 3.5 billion years through conversion of solar energy into energy of chemical bonds captured in biomass, food and fossil fuels. It is this process that has led to evolution of various forms of life as we know them today. Recent advances in imitating the natural process of photosynthesis by developing biohybrid and synthetic “artificial leaves” capable of solar energy conversion into clean fuels and other high value products, as well as advances in the mechanistic and structural aspects of the natural solar energy converters, photosystem I and photosystem II, allow to address the main challenges: how to maximize solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency, and most importantly: how to store the energy efficiently and use it without significant losses. Last but not least, the question of how to make the process of solar energy conversion into fuel not only efficient but also cost effective, therefore attractive to the consumer, should be properly addressed.
2

Discrimination between chilling-sensitive and chilling-resistant plants based on measurements of free fatty acid accumulation and inactivation of oxygen evolution in aged chloroplasts

80%
Saczynska V., Kargul J., Kaniuga Z.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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1993
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tom 40
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nr 4
The effect of aging of isolated chloroplasts of two chilling-sensitive (CS) and three chilling-resistant (CR) plants on the inactivation of oxygen evolution and accu­mulation of free fatty acids (FFA) was studied at 30°C, pH 5.5 or 7.0, in the absence or presence of either sorbitol or NaCl. Considerable accumulation of FFA in aged chloroplasts of CS plants: bean and maize line F7-RpIII was accompanied by a marked inactivation of oxygen evolution. This relation was not, however, found in chloroplasts of CR species: pea, wheat and maize line EPl-RpI, in which the accumulation of FFA upon aging was very low whereas the decline of the rate of oxygen evolution was pronounced. In contrast to changes observed at pH 5.5, the inactivation of oxygen evolution in chloroplasts of CR species aged at pH 7.0 was dependent on the composition of the medium, especially in wheat chloroplasts. Thus, for the evaluation of chilling sensitivity based on the measurements of oxygen evolution activity solely, either aging of chloroplasts at pH 5.5 or possibly at pH 7.0 with NaCl included into the incubation medium may be recommended. It is concluded that determination of both the extent of FFA accumulation and inactivation of oxygen evolution in aged chloroplasts might be applied as chilling tolerance indexes.
3
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Photosynthetic activity of acidophilic red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae under various light intensity and quality during growth

71%
Baclawska I., Parys E., Krupnik T., Kargul J., Romanowska E.
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
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2013
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tom 94
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nr 3
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