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In 2013 and 2014 in the Plant Disease Clinic of Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute in Poznań, chrysanthemum plants showing symptoms of stunted growth, mosaic and malformation of leaves and abnormal pigmentation of flowers were tested. All plants were analyzed using biological, electron microscopy and molecular biology methods. The plants were examined for the presence of the following pathogens: Chrysanthemum virus B (CVB), Tomato aspermy virus (TAV), Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) and Chrysanthemum chlorotic mottle viroid (CChMVd). The presence of CVB was confirmed in the samples collected from 15 plants. The isolates were genetically identical and shared high level of similarity with isolates from India and Japan.
Water samples were collected from irrigation ditches and drainage canals surrounding fields in southern Greater Poland. Initially, the samples were subjected to low and highspeed centrifugation and obtained pellets were used to perform biological assays. Viral identification involved biological, electron microscopic as well as molecular methods. The occurrence of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) was demonstrated in 12 of the 17 examined water sources. The molecular analysis results showed TMV and ToMV co-infections in the analysed water samples. To our knowledge, this is the first report of tobamoviruses being found in environmental water in Poland.
A Polish isolate of Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV-Pol1) was characterized by limited pathogenicity and a low concentration of virus particles in infected plant tissues. The aim of this research was to consider the possibility of seed-transmission dissemination of the virus. Seeds of winter wheat cv. Muszelka served as material for the studies. Two methods were involved in the diagnostics of seedlings grown from potentially infected seeds: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as the screening assay and immuno-capture-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IC-RT-PCR) for molecular confirmation of the infection. RNA1 and RNA2 of SBWMV-Pol1 were detected in 6 out of 1,410 plants submitted to diagnostic procedures. The possibility of seed transmission of SBWMV-Pol1 was discussed.
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