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Myogenin is a gene belonging to the MyoD family, which codes for the bHLH transcription factor playing a key role in myogenesis. It affects the processes of differentiation and maturation of myotubes during embryogenesis. Fragments of the porcine myogenin coding sequence and promoter region were amplified and subjected to MSSCP analysis. T—>C transition recognised by the Mae III restriction enzyme in exon 1 was revealed, which appeared to be a silent mutation in the region of the transactivation domain. No other polymorphism was found either in the remaining coding sequence or the promoter region.
The aim of this study was to characterize the polymorphism of genes RYR1, LEP, GH, MYOG, MYF5 and GDF8 in wild boar population inhabiting North-East of Poland. The above genes are considered candidate genes for carcass quality traits in domestic pigs. Ninety animals were tested. Genes RYR1, LEP and MYF5 appeared to be monomorphic, whereas genes MYOG, GH and GDF8 showed polymorphism similar to that observed in European pig breeds. However, no PCR product was obtained for several animals when MYOG and GDF8 gene fragments were amplified, suggesting the difference between wild boars tested and domestic pig in sequence of the gene regions where primers annealed. Moreover,this suggests a possibility of identification of new variants of these genes in wild boar.
MYOG and MYF6 belong to the MyoD gene family. They code for the bHLH transcription factors playing a key role in later stages of myogenesis: differentiation and maturation of myotubes. Three SNPs in porcine MYF6 and two in porcine MYOG were analysed in order to establish associations with chosen carcass quality and growth rate traits in Polish Landrace, Polish Large White and line 990 sows. No statistically significant effect of SNP in the promoter region of the MYF6 gene on its expression measured on mRNA level was found. Associations between the genotype at the MYF6 locus and carcass quality traits appeared to be breed-dependent. The C allele in the case of SNP in the promoter region and GC haplotype in exon 1 were advantageous for right carcass side weight in Polish Landrace sows and disadvantageous for this trait in Polish Large White sows. These gene variants were also the most advantageous for loin and ham weight in sows of line 990. The mutation in exon 1 of the MYOG gene had no statistically significant association with carcass quality traits and the mutation in the 3’-flanking region had the breed-dependent effect as well. These results suggest that SNPs analysed in this study are not causative mutations, but can be considered as markers of some other, still unrevealed genetic polymorphism that influences the physiological processes and phenotypic traits considered in this study.
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