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1

A 3 tesla magnetic resonance imaging volumetric analysis of the hippocampal formation: dependence on handedness and age

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Lazic D., Stosic-Opincal T., Petronijevic N., Puskas L., Djulejic V., Milic I., Marinkovic S.
Folia Morphologica
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2015
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tom 74
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nr 4
Background: The hippocampal formation (HF) is one of the most important parts of the brain in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumetric analysis in various domains, but not completely from all aspects, including the handedness. The aim of our study was to evaluate the possible differences in the volume of the right and left HF among the healthy right-handed and left-handed subjects, and to determine whether the volume differences are age related. Materials and methods: The MRI of this prospective study was performed using T1 fast field echo (FFE) sequence. The 124 subsequent coronal slices (thickness 1.5 mm) were performed in each participant. The obtained HF volumes were normalised and statistically compared. Volunteers comprised 30 persons aged 22.0 years, 12 of whom were the left-handed, and 30 persons aged 75.2 years on average, 9 of whom were the left-handed. Results: The right and left HF volumes averaged 2.986 cm³ and 2.858 cm³ in the right-handed, and 2.879 cm³ and 3.020 cm³ in the left-handed young volunteers, as well as 2.728 cm³ and 2.650 cm³ in the right-handed, and 2.617 cm³ and 2.780 cm³ in the left-handed elderly persons. The HF volume ratios in the young left-handed participants showed a significant left-greater-than-right asymmetry. A significant difference was also noticed within the right-to-left volume ratios of the right- and left-handed young and elderly participants. The latter reduction in the HF volume within the aged group can be interpreted as a slight atrophy of the HF. Conclusions: There is a significant difference in the volumes of the left and right HF of the left-handed young participants. The age related HF volume differences were proven between the groups of the young and elderly volunteers. The obtained data should be included into the future MRI studies of the HF volumes in various clinical domains. (Folia Morphol 2015; 74, 4: 421–427)
2

Structure and immunohistochemistry of the human lenticulostriate arteries

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Marinkovic S., Todorovic V., Drndarevic N., Puskas L., Lazic D., Bojic V., Milic I.
Folia Morphologica
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2013
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tom 72
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nr 3
Background: Data about the structure and immunohistochemistry of the lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs), although very important for medical research and clinical practice, have been rarely reported in literature. Materials and methods: Fourty serially sectioned LSAs were stained with hematoxilin and eosin, and prepared for immunohistochemistry. Results: Our examination revealed a typical endothelial lining and a narrow subendothelial space with subintimal smooth muscle cells occasionally. The internal elastic lamina was fragmented or absent in the smallest LSAs branches. The media coat, with a mean diameter of 148.5 μm, contained typical smooth muscle cells which formed 14.2 layers on average and showed a positive immune reactions for alfa-actin, desmine, laminin and collagen IV. The thin adventitial coat contained fibroblasts, collagen fibers, and nerve bundles, with the strongest immunopositivity to thyrosin hydroxilase. The immune reactions against CD31 and CD34 proteins, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, S 100 protein, neurofilament protein and synaptophysin, seem to be performed in the LSAs wall for the first time. Similarly, the thickness of the LSAs wall and its coats have never been reported, nor the number of the smooth muscle cell layers. Conclusions: Our results related to the structure and immunohistochemistry of the LSAs could be important in cerebrovascular pathology, neurology and neurosurgery. (Folia Morphol 2013; 72, 3: 210–216)
3

Anatomy and radiology of the variations of aortic arch branches in 1,266 patients

100%
Vucurevic G., Marinkovic S., Puskas L., Kovacevic I., Tanaskovic S., Radak D., Ilic A.
Folia Morphologica
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2013
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tom 72
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nr 2
Background: The most reliable data about arterial variations, which are very important in surgery and radiology, can be obtained from a large series of patients. Materials and methods: We examined angiographic and multislice computerised tomography (MSCT) images in a group of 1,265 patients and in 1 dissected specimen. Results: While in 946 (74.72%) of the patients a normal vascular pattern (type I) was noticed, in the remaining 320 (25.28%) patients variations of the branches of the aortic arch were found, which were classified into types II through VIII and a few subtypes. Type II (2.84%) comprised a common origin of the left common carotid and subclavian arteries. Type III (15.56%) was related to an origin of the left subclavian artery from the brachiocephalic trunk. Type IV (0.55%) included the aortic origin of both common carotid and subclavian arteries, with the right subclavian artery having a retroesophageal course. Type V (0.24%) included the same 4 supra-aortic branches, which, however, arose from a double or a right- -sided aortic arch. Type VI (3.63%) comprised the aortic origin of the left vertebral artery, type VII (0.24%) the same origin of the right vertebral artery, and type VIII (2.22%) the aortic origin of the thyroidea ima artery. A corresponding embryological background and clinical implications of the described aberrant vessels were presented. Conclusions: In more than one quarter of the cases, the branching pattern of the examined arteries did not follow the classical pattern. Detailed knowledge of aortic branch variations is of great significance in anatomy, embryology, and clinical medicine, especially in radiology and thoracic surgery. (Folia Morphol 2013; 72, 2:113–122)
4

Morphometric multislice computed tomography examination of the craniovertebral junction in neck flexion and extension

84%
Marinkovic S., Milic I., Djoric I., Brigante L., Miljatovic A., Puskas L., Kapor S., Boljanovic J.
Folia Morphologica
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2017
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tom 76
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nr 1
Background: Detailed study of the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is necessary to completely understand the mechanism of its flexion and extension. Materials and methods: One cadaver head was sectioned in the sagittal plane. Also, in 22 volunteers, examined using the multislice computed tomography (MSCT), 14 parameters and 2 angles were measured in the neutral position, flexion and extension. Results: The obtained measurements showed the anterior part of the occiput to move inferiorly in flexion, and the anterior atlas arch and the tip of the dens to get closer to the basion. At the same time, the opisthion moves superiorly, but the cervical spine bends anteriorly. Consequently, the dens-opisthion diameter and the opisthion-posterior atlas arch distance slightly decrease in length, whilst the arches of the atlas (C1), axis (C2) and C3 vertebra become more distant. Following extension, the posterior part of the occiput moves inferiorly, so that the basion-dens tip, the basion-axis arch, and the basion-posterior atlas arch distances increase in length. In contrast, the distances of the C1–C3 arches decrease in length. The angle between the foramen magnum and the dens tip decreases 1.620 on average in flexion, but increases 3.230 on average in extension. The angle between the axis body and the opisthion also decreases in flexion (mean, 3.360) and increases in extension (mean, 6.570). Among the congenital anomalies, a partial agenesis of the posterior atlas arch was revealed (4.5%), as well as an anterior dehiscence of the C1 foramen transversarium (13.6%). Conclusions: The mentioned measurements improved our understanding of the CVJ biomechanics. The obtained data can be useful in the evaluation of the CVJ instability caused by trauma, congenital anomalies and certain spine diseases. (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 1: 100–109)
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