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The aim of this paper was inventory of the wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis), a very precious but, at the same time, one of the least known species of homeland wooded plants in the Taczanów Forest Inspectorate (Poznań Regional State Forest Directorate). The inventory was conducted from May 2010 to March 2011. The result of the inventory are 1127 specimens, of which 209 are strong mature trees and 918 are seedlings and young trees in good health. The field research shows that the wild service tree grows in the Taczanów Forest alongside its central and eastern part in 22 Forest Compartments, 8 of which are in the Koryta Forest District and 14 are in the Taczanów Forest District. The average height of mature trees (d1.3 > 10 cm) was 18.02 meters and the average breast height  dimension was 26.22 centimetres. The dominant forest type in this area which is acid oak forest from Quercetea roboli-petraeae class creates optimal conditions for the growth of the wild service tree. This is proved by an analysis of the species population dynamics which is characteristic for the species biology. The study shows that earlier inventories conducted in this region are incomplete and out-of-date, and this present inventory substantially broadens the knowledge about the wild service tree in the Taczanów Forest in the context of its local and national population.
The data were collected for 1978—1987 from breeding documents for all Simental and Red-White cows under milk control in the Krosno voivodship. It was found that a percent of heavy parturitions in Simental cows increased from 2.32% in 1978 to 5.43% in 1987 (mean 3.12%). Mortality of calves during the first months of life increased from 2.84% to 9.07% (mean 5.5%). In Red-White cows a mean percent of heavy calvings was 3.22% and newborn mortality was 7.23%. Developmental anomalies appeared rarely (0.024% in Simentals and 0.11% in Red-White cows). A mean body weight of newborn Simental calves was 32.09 kg and Red-White 29.32 kg. Simental cows calved for the first time at the age of 920 days (in private farms at 792 days) whereas Red-White calved for the first time at the age of 846 days. Percent of abortions decreased in Simental cows from 1.60% in 1978 to 0.85% in 1987 (mean 1.49). In Red-White cows this value was 1.64%. Interparturient period lasted in Simental cows for 296 days and in Red-White cows for 391 days. A non-return index (efficacy of the first insemination) for 10 years was 76.8% in Simental and 78.1% in Red-White cows and an insemination index was 1.30% and 1.28%, respectively.
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