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1

Wiezadla stawu szczytowo-potylicznego i stawu szczytowo-obrotowego psa w aspekcie anatomii klinicznej

100%
Wieladek A., Kupczynska M.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2007
|
tom 63
|
nr 11 Supl.
1466-1469
The aim of the study was to describe the role of the craniocervical junction ligaments in a dog with the focus on the ligaments that have not been described yet. The research examined cadavers of 15 adult male and female dogs of different breeds, fixed in 10% formaldehyde. The results of the research indicated that the stability of the craniocervical junction depends not only on well known ligaments like: Apical ligament of dens, Alar ligaments, Transverse atlantal ligament, Dorsal atlantoaxial ligament and Lateral ligaments, but also on three pairs of ligaments described for the first time in this publication; namely: Dorsal ligaments, Collateral internal cranial atlantal ligaments and Collateral internal caudal atlantal ligaments. Atlantooccipital and atlantoaxial ligaments, described as functionally integral, are a more constitutional and multilevel system of ligaments, which were observed in all examined dogs. This fact should be taken into consideration in all surgeries of the cervical region (occipital anesthesia, occipital myelography, surgical interventions). The most frequent reasons for a dislocation in the craniocervical junction have also been discussed.
2

Dysplazja potyliczna u psow rasy yorkshire terier - kryteria morfometryczne

100%
Wieladek A., Kupczynska M.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2008
|
tom 64
|
nr 03
365-369
The aim of the study was to describe the morphology of the foramen magnum and the first cervical vertebra in Yorkshire terrier dogs, in which a keyhole-shaped foramen magnum had been recognized. Its aim was also to determine parameters for anatomical structures of the craniocervical junction which have an effect on occipital dysplasia. The study examined cadavers of three adult (female) Yorkshire terrier dogs, fixed in 10% formaldehyde. All dogs had been euthanized at the request their owners: nr 1 because of neurologic symptoms; nr 2 and 3 were neurologically asymptomatic dogs. The degree of skull index (IC), occipital index (IPF), dysplasia (ISD), notch index (IWD), foramen magnum index (IOW) and new biometric criterions introduced by the authors of the study i.e. atlas index (IC₁) and dens of axis index (IZC₂) were determined. The study showed that the foramen magnum index provides direct numerical information about the size and shape of the foramen. The foramen magnum index discriminates neurologically symptomatic dogs from asymptomatic dogs. Nonetheless, all four indices used in craniometry should be calculated. The results of the research indicated that occipital dysplasia has an effect on the stability of the craniocervical junction, and, therefore, atlas index IC₁ and dens of axis index IZC₂ should be determined.
3

Uzebienie psow morfotypu brachycefalicznego

81%
Kupczynska M., Barszcz K., Wasowicz M., Wieladek A.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2009
|
tom 65
|
nr 05
334-339
The aim of the research was to determine the number of teeth, their arrangement in the lower and upper dental arches and the manner of teeth placement in dental alveoli of alveolar processes respective for facial bones in brachycephalic dogs. Investigations were conducted on 45 adult dogs of various age and both sexes. Morphotype qualification was based on skull index ZyZy × 100/AP. The pattern of canine permanent dentition that is most common and widely approved as correct was described as 3142/3143. The total number of permanent teeth amounts to 42. Only in one (2.22%) out of 45 observed dogs a complete dentition in both dental arches was present, as in the formula above. Full dentition in the lower dental arch - was observed only in 6.67% of studied specimen and in the upper dental arch in 42.22% of dogs. The accepted number of permanent cheek teeth in dogs is 6 in the upper dental arch and 7 in the lower dental arch. The studies performed show that in brachycephalic specimen the reduction of these teeth and rotation related to alveolar processes are common. Own observations suggest that the following 3132/3132 should be recognized as a correct formula of permanent teeth in this morphotype.
4

Morfologia i morfometria wiezadla poprzecznego kregu szczytowego psa w aspekcie klinicznym

81%
Wieladek A., Kupczynska M., Barszcz K., Wasowicz M.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2008
|
tom 64
|
nr 12
1416-1420
The aim of the study was to describe the morphology of the Transverse atlantal ligament in dogs with a focus on the features that have not been described yet. The research examined cadavers of 20 adult male and female dogs of different breeds, three morphotypes, fixed in 10% formaldehyde. The Transverse atlantal ligament was shown by removing the Dorsal arch of the Atlas. The length (DWP), width (SWP) and thickness (GWP) of the ligament were measured. The linear correlation function with the body mass (mc) and the cranial index and the coefficient of determination R² were determined. Histological specimens from 10 Transverse atlantal ligaments were marked. The results of the research indicated that the length, width and thickness of the described ligament is positively correlated with the body mass in a dog. The histologic studies showed that the Transverse atlantal ligament is fibrocartilagenous on the whole. This fact should be taken into consideration in all affections connected with the cartilage destruction. The role of the fibrocartilage and their types in the ligament have also been discussed.
5

Niektore aspekty anatomii klinicznej stawu miedzykregowego C2-C3 u psa

81%
Wieladek A., Kupczynska M., Barszcz K., Wasowicz M.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2009
|
tom 65
|
nr 07
492-497
The aim of the study was to describe the shape of the articular facets of the axis in dogs of three morphotypes and different body weights. The facet joints contribute significantly to the stability of the cervical spine, predominantly by providing axial rotational stability at C₂ and C₃. The research involved the examination of cadavers of 30 adult male and female dogs of three morphotypes and body weights from 2.22 to 72 kg. The craniocervical junction elements, especially the second cervical vertebra (axis), were isolated by standard anatomical preparation. The maximal articular surface width ASW, the maximal articular surface length - ASL and the inclination of the articular surface - h were measured. The articular surface length-to-width index was calculated. The linear correlation function for K and h with body mass and the cranial index and the coefficient of determination R² were determined. The atlantoaxial dorsal ligament was put to the microscopic test. Index K ranged from 0.71 to 1.90. In small breeds, more longitudal oval-shaped facets were observed. Circular facets and more transversely oval-shaped facets were found in medium and large breeds. The large breeds have a preventive mechanism against greater mobility in C₂-C₃. Their atlantoaxiale dorsale ligament is fibrocartilagineus. These dogs are consequently less exposed to damages of the intervertebral disc and medulla spinalis.
6

Morphometric analysis of occipital bone in the domestic cat in comparison with selected skull size parameters and with special regard to skull morphotype

81%
Wasowicz M., Kupczynska M., Wieladek A., Barszcz K.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
|
2009
|
tom 12
|
nr 2
251-258
The aim of this study was to elaborate criteria defining the morphotype and to perform a morphological and morphometric analysis of the squamous part of the occipital bone and of the foramen magnum in the European cat. The study material comprised 50 corpses of European cats of both sexes and of bodyweight from 1.35 to 7.7 kg, aged from 1 year to 17 years. The study material underwent detailed preparation and morphometries of the skull, squamous part of the occipital bone and the foramen magnum were performed. The skull index (IC) data obtained indicate that the European cat represents a mesaticephalic morphotype. In the morphometrical analysis of the foramen magnum the following were included: the foramen magnum index (IFM), the occipital index (IOF), and the index of the squamous part of the occipital bone (ISO). In the morphology of the squamous part of the occipital bone two categories were distinguished: the first was characterized by a form close to an isosceles triangle with its base directed to the bottom. In none of the specimens studied was a dorsal notch in the form of a "keyhole" observed, nor was there any other deformation in the foramen magnum, which takes the form of a slightly crosswise elongated regular oval. The results of this study indicate that in the European cat the foramen magnum is free from any pathology and its shape, in the individual development, is conservative.
7

Opis przypadku sarkocystozy u owcy

61%
Wasowicz M., Barszcz K., Osinska B., Klockiewicz M., Paszkowska M., Wieladek A.
Życie Weterynaryjne
|
2009
|
tom 84
|
nr 09
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