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1
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The expression of genes coding for opioid precursors, opioids receptors, beta-LH subunit and GnRH receptor in the anterior pituitary of cyclic gilts

100%
Wylot B., Staszkiewicz J., Okrasa S.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2008
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tom 59
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nr 4
745-758
In previous studies the effect of endogenous opioid peptides (EOP) on LH secretion was mainly considered at the hypothalamic level, while opioid involvement in the modulation of LH secretion at the pituitary level remains insufficiently elucidated. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to determine the expression of genes encoding opioid precursors – proopiomelanocortin (POMC), proenkephalin (PENK), prodynorphin (PDYN) and opioid receptors – mu, delta, kappa in the porcine anterior pituitary throughout the estrous cycle. Additionally, the mRNA content of ß-LH subunit and GnRH receptor (GnRH-R) was estimated. Pituitaries (5×N = 7) were collected from sows on days 3-5, 8-10, 13-15, 16-17 and 19-20 of the cycle and gene expression was determined using a semi-quantitative RT-PCR assay. The expression of POMC, PDYN, delta and kappa receptor genes was variable across the cycle, whereas the expression of PENK and mu receptor genes remained relatively stable. The POMC mRNA content was the lowest on days 19-20 of the cycle and the PDYN content was reduced on days 8-10. The delta receptor mRNA content was elevated on days 3-5, while the kappa receptor mRNA content was decreasing over the luteal phase. Changes in the expression of genes encoding ß-LH and GnRH-R were also demonstrated. These results indicate variable activity of pituitary opioid systems in cyclic pigs and suggest implication of EOP in the modulation of LH secretion at the pituitary level.
2

Reduction of microglia response affects oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation in a model of demyelination/remyelination

100%
Wylot B., Sielska M., Kaminska B., Zawadzka M.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2011
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tom 71
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nr S
Remyelination in the CNS is a regenerative process carried by oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPC), which are recruited to the demyelination site and differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes to form a new myelin sheath. Macrophages were shown to support remyelination through myelin debris clearance as well as secretion of chemokines and growth factors stimulating OPC recruitment and differentiation. Moreover, several in vivo studies demonstrated that pharmacological macrophage depletion may impair remyelination. The role of macrophages in new myelin formation is not fully understood and the involvement of these cells in remyelination process has not yet been studied in a model of inherent macrophage reduction. Osteopetrotic (op/op) mice have a mutation in CSF1 gene leading to reduction in monocytes as well as microglia number. Therefore, they make a good model for studying the role of central- and peripheral-derived macrophages in regenerative processes of the CNS. The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of reduction in macrophages in op/op mice on remyelination process in a model of focal demyelination of the spinal cord. Osteopetrotic mice were injected with myelin toxin into the ventral and dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord to induce focal demyelination. Toluidine blue staining of semi-thin resin sections at 28 days post lesion (dpl) revealed impaired remyelination in op/ op mice with the presence of extensive non-remyelinated areas in the lesion. Immunostaining of sections from op/op mice at 10 dpl showed severely reduced activity of macrophages at the lesion site as compared to control. OPC number in the lesions from op/op mice was not affected. Results of the present study provide further evidence for a crucial role of macrophages in supporting CNS remyelination. They also confirm usefulness of op/op mice as a model for remyelination studies.
3
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The effects of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptor activation on luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormone secretion from porcine pituitary cells

100%
Wylot B., Tworus K., Okrasa S.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2013
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tom 64
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nr 4
4

The effects of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptor activation on in vitro prolactin secretion by anterior pituitary cells of cyclic gilts

88%
Kosciukiewicz K., Wylot B., Czelejewska W., Gilun P., Okrasa S.
Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences
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2018
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tom 27
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nr 2
The aim of the study was to determine an in vitro effect of specific agonists of opioid receptors on basal prolactin secretion and in the presence of dopamine or thyreoliberin (TRH) by porcine anterior pituitary cells. The cells were isolated from anterior pituitaries of gilts on days 8–10, 15–17 and 19–21 of the oestrous cycle and submitted to in vitro culture with mu-, delta- and kappaopioid receptor agonists – FK 33-824, DPLPE and U 50,488, respectively. Differentiated effects of the opioid agonists on prolactin secretion by isolated pituitary cells of gilts in chosen days of the oestrous cycle were shown. In the midluteal phase (days 8–10), a reduced prolactin secretion was demonstrated after activation of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptors under all tested conditions. In the early follicular phase (days 15–17), the activation of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptors increased prolactin secretion under basal conditions, as well as mu- and delta-opioid receptors – in the presence of TRH, but the stimulation of mu- and kappa-opioid receptors reduced the hormone secretion in the presence of dopamine. In the late follicular phase (days 19–21), kappa-opioid receptor agonist stimulated prolactin secretion under all tested conditions. The activation of mu- and delta-opioid receptors increased prolactin secretion under basal conditions and in the presence of dopamine, but decreased – in the presence of TRH. The results suggest a possibility of diverse participation of endogenous opioids, depending on stage of the oestrous cycle, in the modulation of prolactin secretion at the pituitary level in gilts during the oestrous cycle.
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