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Badania nad reakcją roślin rabatowych na stres suszy przeprowadzono w sezonie wegetacyjnym 2004 roku w szklarniach Katedry Roślin Ozdobnych SGGW. Materiałem doświadczalnym były dwa gatunki roślin: niecierpek Walleriana (Impatiens walleriana ‘Deep Rose’) i pelargonia rabatowa (Pelargonium X hortorum 'Deep Red’). Określono wpływ 3 poziomów SWC, 3 stężeń chlorku wapnia (0%, 0,1% i 1%) oraz 3 okresów suszy na zawartość chlorofilu i amoniaku w liściach badanych roślin. Pod wpływem suszy zwiększyła się zawartość amoniaku u niecierpka i pelargonii oraz zmniejszyła zawartość chlorofilu w liściach niecierpka. Niski poziom SWC nie miał wpływu na zawartość chlorofilu u pelargonii. Dolistne zastosowanie 1% roztworu CaCl₂ wpłynęło korzystnie na jakość roślin w warunkach stresu suszy, co wyraziło się zmniejszeniem strat chlorofilu i ograniczeniem wzrostu poziomu amoniaku.
Crossbred (F1) Booroola × Olkuska ewe-lambs were randomly assigned to control (C, n=8) and experimental (E, n=9) group with initial mean body weight of 7.6 and 7.3 kg, respectively, and fattened up to the mean live body weight of 24 kg. Lambs from both groups were fed ad lib. The concentrate mix containing 207 g crude protein and 12.5 MJ metabolizable energy per kg dry master of feed. During fattening each lamb from group E was administered per os with 3 g of lineseed oil and 3 g mineral bioplex daily. The lambs were slaughtered at the live weight of 22.8 (group C) and 24.2 (group E) kg. No significant differences between groups were found in mean daily live Wright gain (111 and 125 g in C and E lambs, respectively). Concentration of blood plasma cholesterol and its fractions did not differ significantly between groups. Dressing percentage, valuable cuts and perirenal fat contents of right carcass side (42.05%, 42.20%, and 2.65% in C vs. 43.13%, 42.38% and 3.04% in E lambs, respectively) were similar in groups. The supplements applied (group E) did not significantly influence dry matter, protein and fat content of longissimus dorsi muscle, but significantly (P≤0.002) altered its cholesterol level (group C – 60.47, group E – 75.56 mg/100 g tissue).The fatty acid profile of intramuscular fat reflected more favourable meat dietetic value in lambs E compared to lambs C.
Crossbred ram-lambs (50% Booroola and 50% Olkuska Sheep) aged 55 days were assigned to control (C, n=8) and experimental (E, n=9) group with mean live body weight of 16.0 and 15.3 kg, respectively. Lambs of both groups were fed ad lib. the pelleted mixed concentrate containing 231 g crude protein (CP) and 12 MJ metabolizable energy (ME) per kg dry matter. During fattening each lamb from group E was administered per os 3 g of linseed with 3 g mineral bioplex daily.C and E lambs were slaughtered on day 141 of life at the mean live weight of 36.3 and 34.3 kg,respectively. Significant differences between groups were observed neither in the mean daily live weight gain (group C – 238 g vs. group E – 225 g) nor in CP and ME intake per kg live weight gain (group C – 890 g and 46.1 MJ vs. group E – 938 g and 48.6 MJ, respectively). The levels of blond plasma cholesterol and its fractions were not found to be significantly differentiated by groups.Dressing percentage, share of valuable cuts in carcass-side and perirenal fat content confirmed the similar slaughter value of C and E lambs (47.39%, 42.65%, 1.74% vs. 48.22%, 42.36%, 1.95%,respectively). The dietetic value of meat, based on the fatty acid profile of intramuscular fat, was generally more favourable in lambs fattened with supplement because of the higher percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and lower of saturated fatty acids (SFA).
In nandu eggs (n = 9) the mean cholesterol content of yolk was 16.41 mg/g. In a sum of 21 fatty AIDS determined, the considerable share – 33.55% – of polyunsaturated acids was found, and especially of linolenic (C18:3) – 4.95% and arachidonic (C20:4) – 7.59%, both considered essential in human nutrition. It is concluded that nandu eggs are of considerable dietetic value.
The cholesterol content differed (P<0.05) between breast (49.5 mg/100 g) and back (74.3 mg/100 g) fat. Differences (P<0.05) in individual fatty acids were found especially for arachidonic acid (20:4).High contents of 18:2, 18:3 and 20:4 from both depots suggest, that ostrich fat could be a source of essential fatty acids in human and animal diets. The influence of various factors and especially feeding regimen on quantity and quality of ostrich fat should further be investigated.
Culled breeding ostriches weighing 130-160 kg yield about 25 kg fat tissue that could possibly be used for supplementing human and animal diet. Cholesterol content of breast fat – 80 mg/100 g tissue – from the breeding ostrich females (n = 6) culled and slaughtered at the age of five years appeared similar to that reported of beef and lamb adipose tissue. In a sum of 17 fatty acids (FA) determined, the mono- and polyunsaturated FA accounted for 37.51 and 38.84%, respectively. The ratio polyunsaturated/saturated FA in breast fat of culled breeding ostrich females appeared higher than reported for other avian species.It is concluded that fat from culled breeding ostriches can be used as an additive to human or animal diet, thus allowing the farmer to gain more from ostrich production. Further research is needed on composition and properties of adipose tissue of ostriches, including slaughter, as well as breeding birds culled at different ages.
The mean lipid and cholesterol contents of m. gastrocnemius were 3.87 g and 75 mg/100 g tissue, respectively. The overall profile of fatty acids of the muscle was found similar to ostrich meat. From dietetic and nutritive point of view fatty acids profile of nandu meat seems more desirable than those of the traditional avian species.
The study aimed at determining the effect of supplementation the diet with linseed on milk yield and milk fatty acids profile in the middle stage of lactation of goats. Used were 16 Polish Fawn Improved goats divided into two groups: (1) fed the standard diet without supplementation (control) and (2) fed the diet supplemented with linseed cake (19.9% of diets’ total dry matter). Both diets were balanced according to INRA feeding standards and offered from week 12 to 17 of goats’ lactation. Milk samples were taken twice: two weeks after the beginning and then at the end of supplementing the diet with linseed cake. The linseed cake led to increase in milk yield and to favourable changes in fatty acids profile (the share of MUFA increased and of SFA decreased). Moreover, CLA kontent of milk significantly increased (ca. 10-fold) after linseed cake supplementation, whereas the concentration of undesirable SFA (especially C12 to C16) dropped significantly (almost 2-fold).
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