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Determining PCBs in fish and sediment samples related to intercomparison studies

100%

Filipkowska A.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2013

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tom 22

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nr 5

This paper reports on the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in selected intercomparison materials (IAEA-435 (tuna) and IAEA-159 (sediment)), and presents the author’s results against the background of results accepted by the organizer of the intercomparison studies, i.e. the Marine Environment Laboratories of the International Atomic Energy Agency in Monaco. The samples were extracted with a mixture of acetone/hexane (tuna) or acetonitrile (sediment) by sonication, cleaned up using micro-columns packed with different materials (e.g. silica gel, florisil, copper), and analyzed by GC-ECD. The difficulties of PCB determination are indicated and the differences between the analyses of low- and high-molecular-weight PCBs are emphasized.

2

Modyfikacja wlasciwosci fizykochemicznych triacylogliceroli na drodze enzymatycznego przeestryfikowania

63%

Ledochowska E., Filipkowska A.

Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna

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2003

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tom 36

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nr Supl.

353-359

Prowadzono proces enzymatycznego przeestryfikowania mieszaniny oleju rzepakowego i łoju wołowego (4:6 w/w). Katalizatorami reakcji były immobilizowane enzymy lipolityczne produkowane przez duńską firmą Novo Nordisk: Lipozyme RM IM, Lipozyme TL IM oraz Novozym 435. Produkty reakcji rozdzielano przy pomocy chromatografii kolumnowej. Triacyloglicerole (TAG) eluowano mieszaniną eteru naftowego i eteru dietylowego (87:13). W otrzymanych produktach oraz w wyizolowanych z nich TAG oznaczano temperaturą topnienia, zawartość fazy stałej oraz stabilność oksydatywną. Określano również strukturą otrzymanych TAG, stosując metodą enzymatycznej hydrolizy. Stwierdzono, że we wszystkich produktach przeestryfikowania oraz w TAG wyizolowanych z tych produktów nastąpił spadek zawartości fazy stałej i temperatury topnienia w porównaniu z mieszaniną wyjściową, natomiast stabilność oksydatywna otrzymanych produktów uległa pogorszeniu.

3

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Factors affecting the occurrence of algae on the Sopot beach (Baltic Sea)

45%

Filipkowska A., Lubecki L., Szymczak-Zyla M., Lotocka M., Kowalewska G.

Oceanologia

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2009

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tom 51

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nr 2

233-262

The occurrence of algae on the Sopot beach was investigated from 2004 to 2006 from the beach management point of view. Various methods were applied in an attempt to understand the mechanisms underlying the accumulation of algae on the shoreline. They included daily observations of the occurrence of macrophyta on the beach, absorption measurements of acetone extracts of the particulate matter in the seawater, the collection of macrophyta and phytoplankton samples for biomass and taxonomic identification, and determination of the degree of decomposition on the basis of chloropigment analyses. The results were related to the environmental conditions: meteorological data and the physicochemical parameters of the seawater. The biomass recorded on the beach consisted mainly of macroalgae and a small proportion of sea grass (Zostera marina). The phytoplankton biomass consisted mainly of dinoflagellates, diatoms, cyanobacteria, euglenoids and cryptophytes. The conclusions to be drawn from this work are that the occurrence of huge amounts of macrophyta amassing on the Sopot beach depends on the combined effect of high solar radiation in spring and summer, high-strength (velocity × frequency) south-westerly winds in May-September, followed by northerly winds, bringing the macrophyta from Puck Bay on to the Sopot beach. At the same time, their abundance along the beach varies according to the shape and height of the shore, the wind strength and the local wind-driven seawater currents. According to estimates, from 2.2–4.4 × 102 tons (dry weight) of macrophyta can be moved on to the Sopot beach in one hour. In October, strong southeasterly winds can also transport huge amounts of decomposing biomass onshore. The phytoplankton content in the total biomass is negligible, even though at low concentrations its biological activity may be considerable. The intensive phytoplankton blooms observed on the Sopot beach in summer are not always caused by cyanobacteria.

4

Utilisation of macroalgae from the Sopot beach (Baltic Sea)

39%

Filipkowska A., Lubecki L., Szymczak-Zyla M., Kowalewska G., Zbikowski R., Szefer P.

Oceanologia

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2008

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tom 50

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nr 2

255-273

The aim of this work was to explore the possibilities of utilising the macroalgae accumulating on the Sopot beach, a part of the Gulf of Gdańsk (Baltic Sea). During this work (2004–2006) a range of activities were undertaken: monitoring the occurrence of macroalgae, collection of plant material, taxonomic identification, laboratory analyses of contamination (metals – Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cu, Cr, Hg; radionuclides – 137Cs, 40K; organic contaminants – polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), the stage of algal degradation and studying possible uses of the plant material collected on the beach. The most suitable way of utilising the plant material seems to be as a biofertiliser. Laboratory growth tests were carried out to assess this possible use; they were successful.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Oceanologia

1 Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna

1 Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

4 Filipkowska A.

2 Kowalewska G.

2 Lubecki L.

2 Szymczak-Zyla M.

1 Ledochowska E.

1 Lotocka M.

1 Szefer P.

1 Zbikowski R.

1 2013

1 2009

1 2008

1 2003

Determining PCBs in fish and sediment samples related to intercomparison studies

Modyfikacja wlasciwosci fizykochemicznych triacylogliceroli na drodze enzymatycznego przeestryfikowania

Factors affecting the occurrence of algae on the Sopot beach (Baltic Sea)

Utilisation of macroalgae from the Sopot beach (Baltic Sea)