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Zagrozenie dla zdrowia ludzi wynikajace z obecnosci oocyst Cryptosporidium w wodzie w swietle przepisow prawa

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Toczylowska B.
Wiadomości Parazytologiczne. Suplement
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2007
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tom 53
111
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Interaction between indocyanine green and gadobutrol in cerebellar granule neurons cultures

51%
Zieminska E., Toczylowska B., Goch G., Liebert S.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2013
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tom 73
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nr Suppl.1
In experiments we used indocyanine green (ICG), and gadobutrol (Gad) contrast dyes. There is no information about parallel application of ICG and Gad, therefore we decided to study their toxicity using primary cerebellar granule cells culture (CGC). The aim of study was to assess the minimal ICG concentration which evokes neurotoxicity. 30 min exposition to 75 and 125 μM ICG resulted in neurotoxicity. We observed imbalance in calcium homeostasis (extra- and intracellular) after addition of ICG, which can be one of the mechanisms of ICG neurotoxicity. We measured absorbance and NMR spectra for 25–125 µM ICG concentrations in three solvents. Gad contrast media mixed with ICG were also measured and neurotoxicity of this mixture was examined. The shape of absorption and NMR spectra show differences between water, water with 2.3 mM Ca2+ and Locke25 for all analyzed ICG concentrations. Other possible mechanism of ICG neurotoxicity can be dose dependent oligomerization of ICG. We did not observe any toxic effect of Gad on CGC. Protective effect on surviving neurons after treatment of ICG, dependent on Gad dose and sequence of its administration (before > simultaneously > after addition of ICG) was observed. However, the mechanism of this phenomenon remains not clear. Supported by grant 2011/03/B/ST7/02576.
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Acute cytotoxicity evoked by tetrabromobisphenol A in primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells outweighs the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls

51%
Zieminska E., Stafiej A., Toczylowska B., Lazarewicz J. W.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2012
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tom 21
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nr 4
The aim of this study was to identify, among selected environmental toxins, the substance with the highest in vitro toxicity to neurons combined with the most marked induction of calcium imbalance, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Exposure of primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells for 30 min to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) or brominated flame retardants (BFRs) at concentrations of 10-50 µM identified tetrabromobisphenol A as the compound with the highest toxicity. At a concentration of 25 µM, apart from the moderate activation of ⁴⁵Ca uptake, this BFR induced the most pronounced increase in intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration, depolarization of mitochondria, and activation of ROS production.
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Content available remote

Bastadin 12 and ryanodine reveal similarities between thapsigargin- and tetrabromobisphenol A-induced intracellular Ca2plus release in cultured cerebellar granule cells

51%
Zieminska E., Stafiej A., Toczylowska B., Lazarewicz J. W.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2014
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tom 65
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nr 5
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Glutamate, glutamine and GABA levels in the rat hippocampus in the pharmacological models of autism: a microdialysis study

39%
Diamandakis D., Zieminska E., Hilgier W., Filipkowski R. K., Polowy R., Toczylowska B., Lazarewicz J. W.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2017
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tom 77
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nr Suppl.1
INTRODUCTION: The disorders of the glutamatergic neurotransmission have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autism, but data on brain content of glutamate (Glu) in patients and animal models are inconsistent. AIM(S): Aim of this study is to evaluate changes in the brain content of Glu, glutamine (Gln) and GABA in the rat models of pharmacologically-induced autism. METHOD(S): The rat females at the 11th day of gestation were given orally 800 mg/kg b.w. of valproic acid (VPA) or 500 mg/kg b.w. of thalidomide (THAL). The pups at PND 9 were submitted to ultrasonic vocalization (USV) test, and at PND 30, under anesthesia, to in vivo unilateral microdi alysis of the hippocampus with a calcium-containing medium. The samples of dialysate representing the basal level followed by a 40 min pulse of 100 mM KCl were collected. The contralateral hippocampi were prepared and homogenized. After derivatization of the amino acids with o-phtalaldehyde, the samples were submitted to HPLC analysis with a fluorescence detection. RESULTS: The results of USV tests showed that the pups prenatally treated with VPA, and to a greater extent with THAL, less frequently produced USV calls, which is regarded as impairment in social communication, a symptom characteristic of autism. In the male rats of the VPA and THAL groups, a total content of Glu increased to 143% and 158%, respectively, and also Gln and GABA contents were significantly elevated. All these values remained unchanged in the female rats. Basal levels of Glu, Gln and GABA in the dialysates of the hippocampi in the experimental groups did not differ from controls, however in VPA‑treated male rats during application of 100 mM KCl a reduction by 59% of Gln concentration and tendency to increase GABA level were found. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate increased content of glutamate in the hippocampus of rats in two chemical models of autism, support a hypothesis on the role of the glutamatergic disturbances in the pathogenesis of autism. FINANCIAL SUPPORT: This study was supported by the Polish National Science Centre, grant no. 2014/15/B/ NZ4/04490.
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The role of low molecular weight thiols in thimerosal toxicity - an in votro study

39%
Zieminska E., Toczylowska B., Wojcik J., Stafiej A., Bal W., Lazarewicz J.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2009
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tom 69
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nr 3
Thimerosal (TH), an ethylmercury complex of thiosalicylic acid has been used as preservative in vaccines. Inspired by a known high affi nity of mercury for thiol groups, we examined whether the presence of L-cysteine (Cys), D,L-homocysteine (Hcy), Nacetyl cysteine (NAC), L-methionine (Met) and glutathione (GSH) in extracellular space could infl uence the viability, intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i ) and mitochondrial membrane potential in rat cerebellar granule cells. The cells were exposed to 500 nM TH for 48 h or 15 μM TH for 10 min. The loss of cells viability could be prevented partially or wholly, in a dose-dependent manner, by 60, 120 or 600 μM Cys, Hcy, NAC and GSH, but not by Met. The elevation in [Ca2+]i and mitochondrial potential induced by 25 μM TH were abolished by all compounds studied, except for Met, at 600 μM. The loss of the ethylmercury moiety from TH as a result of interaction with thiols studied was monitored by 1 Hand 199Hg-NMR spectroscopy. This extracelullar process may be responsible for the neuroprotection seen in cerebellar cell culture, but also provides a molecular pathway for redistribution of TH derived toxic ethylmercury in the organism.
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Glutamate, glutamine and GABA levels in the rat hippocampus in the pharmacological models of autism: MRS and NMR study

39%
Zieminska E., Filipkowski R. K., Polowy R., Orzel J., Toczylowska B., Gorka M. J., Lazarewicz J. W.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2017
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tom 77
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nr Suppl.1
INTRODUCTION: An imbalance in excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmission has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autism. AIM(S): We tested this hypothesis by measuring with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) the content of glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln) and GABA in the rat hippocampus in two pharmacological models of autism. METHOD(S): The rat females at the 11th day of gestation were given orally 800 mg/kg of valproic acid (VPA) or 500 mg/kg of thalidomide (THAL). The pups at PND 9 were submitted to ultrasonic vocalization (USV) test, and at PND 30, to MRS studies using the 7 T Bruker BioSpec 70/30 Avance III system. Spectrum was acquired with the short echo time PRESS sequence (TR/TE=2500/20 ms, 512 averages, 2048 points, scan time=17 min) with VAPOR water suppression, the outer volume suppression, frequency drift correction (flip angle 5°) and eddy current correction. Metabolite concentrations were estimated using the LCModel software. The amino acids from homogenates of rat hippocampi were extracted for NMR studies using the HCl-Bligh and Dyer procedure. Three-trimethylsilyl propionic acid (1 mM) was used as an internal reference signal. All NMR spectra were acquired at 25°C on a Avance III HD 500 MHz (Bruker) spectrometer. RESULTS: The results of USV tests showed that the “autistic pups” produced less calls/animal (VPA-122, THAL-33) as compared to control animals (295). MRS studies demonstrated increase by 21% and 20% in Glu content in the hippocampus of male rats from both, VPA- and THAL-treated groups, whereas Gln and GABA were on the control levels. NMR studies showed gender-dependent differences in Glu content in VPA-group (by 36%) and THAL‑group vs. control (by 16%); increased level of Gln in males from both groups (by 47% and 74%) and increased (by 86%) level of GABA in male VPA‑treated rats. CONCLUSIONS: These results are consistent with a hypothesis on the role of the imbalance in glutamatergic vs. GABAergic neurotransmission in the pathogenesis of autism. FINANCIAL SUPPORT: This study was supported by the Polish National Science Centre, grant no. 2014/15/B/ NZ4/04490.
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