Health-promoting effects of strawberries consumption, according to clinical trials, are especially notable in the field of cardiovascular diseases profilaxis and prevention of chronic conditions caused by oxidative stress or metabolic disorders. Strawberries contain several distinguishable substances such as polyphenols, including anthocyanins, or ellagic acid that are possibly responsible for these effects. Animal and in vitro experiments have demonstrated their multiple beneficial properties. DNA protection by ellagic acid may serve as an example. In this article we also outlined the history of strawberries and gave basic data on their production in the world and in Poland.