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A new genus Seidenforchis of the subtribe Malaxidinae (Orchidaceae) from Southeast Asia is proposed. Three species are transferred from Crepidium to Seidenforchis. Keys for determination of Seidenforchis species and related genera of subtribe Malaxidinae from Asia, are proposed.
A new subspecies of the Bulbophyllum tahitense (Orchidaceae), from The Society Islands (French Polynesia) is proposed. A new subspecies is described and illustrated. Keys to taxa of Society Islands genus Bulbophyllum, is added.
Checklist of Orchidaceae of The Society Islands (French Polynesia) are gathered and presented. Presence of 20 genera, 27 species, 3 subspecies, 8 varietas and 2 taxonomic forms of native species and 2 genera with sole naturalized species of Orchidaceae are confirmed from the archipelago.
Checklist of Orchidaceae of Tuamotu and Gambier (French Polynesia) are gathered and presented. Presence of 3 genera, 3 native species of Orchidaceae are confirmed from the archipelago. Photographs of each of them are added.
A new genus Crossoliparis of the subtribe Malaxidinae (Orchidaceae), from tropical area of Central America is proposed. The new genus type species is described and illustrated. Keys to species of genus Crossoliparis and its close related genera of subtribe Malaxidinae from Americas, is added.
The conditions favouring self-pollination are determined for a species of Dendrobium Sw. A survey of gynostemium micromorphology in collected flowers of Dendrobium biflorum revealed two stages of a unique form of autogamy: on germination of pollen tetrads, pollen tubes reached the stigmatic region without the pollen being displaced from the anther locules. This is the first time for this type of autogamy to be reported in Dendrobium biflorum. Pollen grains germinated directly from the locules, bypassing the stigma or falling or sliding down onto the stigmatic surface. The pollen tubes were long and reached the stylar canal. On The Society Islands, differences in exposure of the habitats to weather conditions and altitude gradients influence both composition and form of the vegetation, as well as the occurrence of pollinators. The form of autogamy described here may be the usual method of pollination found on The Society Islands (and even the whole of French Polynesia), where suitable pollinators are absent and/or growth conditions stressful.
There are no papers examining the labellar micromorphology in Malaxidinae in detail. The aim of this paper is to present the results of labellar micromorphology of our studies on Malaxidinae. The micromorphology of nine species was examined and described (calli, nectaries, OP structures, concavities). These species are divided into six groups of which the lip morphology probably represents different forms of attracting and rewarding pollinators. Group one consists of Disticholiparis gregaria and Platystyliparis aurita with characteristic globular nectary and pad-like callus. The second group with Liparis nervosa has two conelike convexities. The third one is represented by Liparis sutupensis with spread lip, the basal callus, and the epichile often eroding with age. The fourth group (Stichorkis cespitosum) has a massive hypochil with basal callus and delicate epichil. The fifth group (Microstylis ophioglossoides, Dienia ophrydis) is characterized by a lip with developed lateral lobes, three deep concavities in the middle part, an erect callus, and many raphide cells.Crepidium cf. rheedii and Crepidium dryadum from the sixth group have a three-lobed lip with entire or toothed mid-lobe, basal callus, cavity surrounded by a rim and OP structures with raphide cells. We also emphasized the different way and place of nectar secretion in the subtribe and gave some suggestions about pollination strategies.
A new definition of the genera Malaxis Sol. ex Sw. and Microstylis (Nutt.) Eaton is presented. The genera are briefly described and illustrated. A list of Microstylis species is added. Four new nomenclatural combinations are proposed.
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