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The aim of the research was to show the immunocytochemical expression of MT and Ki-67 and the correlation between these markers in spontaneous epithelium mammary gland cancer in bitches. The samples used in the research were extracted during surgical procedures from 20 bitches of different breeds, ranging from 6 to 15 years of age who had been diagnosed with mammary gland tumors. The prepared samples were then photographed with a microscope, to be later analyzed by a workstation comprised of a computer hooked up to a Carl Zeiss microscope model: Axiophot. The workstation was able to register images and then digitally analyze them. The MultiScaneBase V 8.08 program working on a Microsoft Windows platform was used to gather readings. The average correlation value between the Ki-67 and MT expression confirmed by many tests indicated a high index value of Ki-67 antigen as the prognostic agent. The study concluded that the presence of metalotionein in adenocarcinamas of the mammary gland in bitches does not indicate its connection with an increased proliferation potential of the cancer cells as is in the case in womens mammary gland tumors.
The study aimed at monitoring the expression of oestrogen (ER) and progesterone (PGR) receptors in mammary gland adenocarcinomas in bitches as compared to the mitotic activity of the neoplastic cells. Material for the study involved samples of mammary tumors obtained during surgery from 48 bitches of various races, aged 7 to 15 years. The obtained preparations were microphotographed and the patterns were subjected to computer-assisted image analysis in a system consisting of a computer linked to an Axiophot light microscope (Carl Zeiss). The expression of ER, PgR and of Ki-67 was evaluated using a semi-quantitative scale which involved evaluating the proportion of positive cells (0-5% no reaction [], 6-25%: weak reaction [+], 26-50%: moderate reaction [++], above 50%: intense reaction [+++]). The evident deficit of ER observed in our studies might indicate an oestrogen independency of the adenocarcinomas in bitches. This, however, does not preclude involvement of the receptors at earlier stages of carcinogenesis. The obtained strong correlation between expressions of Ki-67 and that of PgR (r=0.67), in view of the high prognostic value of Ki-67 expression, confirmed in numerous studies, allow the conclusion that presence of progesterone receptors in the cells of mammary gland adenocarcinoma in bitches is linked to the augmented proliferative potential of the tumors, similarly as it has been demonstrated in mammary glands in females.
Matrix metalloproteinases have been implicated in physiological and pathological functions of neuronal networks. To get an insight into the specific role of protease MMP-9 in the plasticity of the mossy fiber-CA3 pathway (mf-CA3), we used field recordings to measure LTP in slices from wild type, MMP-9 KO and overexpressing (OVX) animals. Both lack of protease (KO) and its overexpression impaired the early and maintenance phase of mf-CA3 LTP (128% vs. 181% of respective baseline in KO and WT mice; and 136% vs. 189% in OVX and WT rats respectively, P<0.05). Importantly, impaired LTP in transgenic rodents could be rescued by administration of recombinant MMP-9 to the KO slices (152% of respective baseline). Moreover, autoactive MMP-9 protein application induced a stable autopotentiation of synaptic response in KO and WT mice. β-dystroglycan is a synaptic membrane protein and its MMP-mediated cleavage has been described during pathological, epileptic activity. In mf-CA3 pathway we observed a MMP-dependent significant decrease in 30 kDa β-dystroglycan digestion product as early as 5 minutes after LTP induction. Altogether, these results suggest that in mfCA3 pathway during first minutes after tetanus fine-tuned level of MMP-9 activity acts as a permissive factor for LTP establishment. Supported by Polish Ministry for Science and Higher Education grant N N401 541540.
The studies were aimed at the determination of MCM-3 expression intensity in cells of mammary adenocarcinomas in bitches using an immunohistochemical technique and at comparing the obtained results with expression intensity of Ki-67 antigen, representing an exponent of tumour cells proliferative activity. The material for the studies was sampled during surgical procedures from 16 bitches of various breeds, aging from 6 to 11 years, which developed mammary tumours. The neoplastic tumours were histopathologically verified as adenocarcinomas. Immunohistochemical reactions were performed in order to detect MCM-3 protein and Ki-67 antigen in the tumours. Microphotographs of the obtained preparations were subjected to computer-assisted image analysis using the MultiScaneBase V 14.02 software. A statistical analysis of the results demonstrated a positive, strong correlation (r = 0.57) between the expression of Ki-67 proliferation antigen and expression of MCM-3 protein in the adenocarcinomas. This may indicate the usefulness of the latter protein as a marker defining a proliferative potential of the tumour.
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